摘要
为探究艾叶提取过程中挥发油的变化规律及其对药液质量的影响,并实现对提取过程的精准控制,该研究采用顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(HS-SPME-GC-MS)结合多重光技术,对艾叶提取过程中挥发性成分的变化及药液物理性质进行了全面分析、鉴定和表征。通过HS-SPME-GC-MS技术共鉴定出82种挥发性化合物,其中包含21种醇类、15种烯类、14种酮类、9种酸类、6种醛类、5种酚类、3种酯类和9种其他类化合物。在不同提取时间点(15、30、45、60 min)的药液中,分别鉴定出71、72、64和44种化合物,随着提取时间的延长,挥发性成分的含量逐渐降低。通过多元统计分析,确定了4种在不同提取时间段内具有明显差异的化合物,分别为1,8-cineole、terpinen-4-ol、3-octanone、camphor。多重光散射技术结果显示,提取15 min时,药液的透射率最低(25%),粒径最大(0.325~0.350 nm),稳定性指数(TSI)最高(0~2.5)。随着提取时间的延长,药液透射率增加,稳定性提高,粒径减小。这些理化性质的变化规律为艾叶提取过程的控制提供了重要依据。此外,通过小鼠扭体实验和抑菌实验对艾叶提取过程中的活性变化进行了研究,结果表明,在提取15 min时药液的镇痛和抑菌作用最强。综上所述,该研究结果表明,艾叶提取过程中挥发油的含量随提取时间的延长而逐渐降低,挥发油的含量变化直接影响药液的理化性质和药效,这一发现为艾叶提取工艺的优化及其过程分析技术开发应用提供了重要的科学参考。
To explore the variation laws of volatile oil during the extraction process of Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its impact on the quality of the medicinal solution,as well as to achieve precise control of the extraction process,this study employed headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-CC-MS)in combination with multiple light scattering techniques to conduct a comprehensive analysis,identification,and characterization of the changes in volatile components and the physical properties of the medicinal solution during the extraction process.A total of 82 volatile compounds were identified using the HS-SPME-CC-MS technique,including 21 alcohols,15 alkenes,14 ketones,9 acids,6 aldehydes,5 phenols,3 esters,and 9 other types of compounds.At different extraction time points(15,30,45,and 60 min),71,72,64,and 44 compounds were identified in the medicinal solution,respectively.It was observed that the content of volatile components gradually decreased with the extension of extraction time.Through multivariate statistical analysis,four compounds with significant differences during different extraction time intervals were identified,namely 1,8-cineole,terpinen-4-ol,3-octanone,and camphor.Results from multiple light scattering techniques indicated that at 15 minutes of extraction,the transmittance of the medicinal solution was the lowest(25%),the particle size was the largest(0.325-0.350 nm),and the stability index(turbiscan stability index,TSI)was the highest(0-2.5).With the extension of extraction time,the light transmittance of the medicinal solution improved,stability was enhanced,and the particle size decreased.These laws of physicochemical property changes provide important basis for the control of Artemisiae Argyi Folium extraction process.In addition,the changes in the bioactivity of Artemisiae Argyi Folium extracts during the extraction process were investigated through mouse writhing tests and antimicrobial assays.The results indicated that the analgesic and antimicrobial effects of the medicinal solution were strongest at the 15-minute extracting point.In summary,the findings of this study demonstrate that the content of volatile oil in Artemisiae Argyi Folium extracts gradually decreases with the extension of extraction time,and the variation in volatile oil content directly influences the physicochemical properties and pharmacological efficacy of the medicinal solution.This discovery provides important scientific reference for the optimization of Artemisiae Argyi Folium extraction processes and the development and application of process analytical technologies.
作者
杨丹丹
黄浩洲
陈心铭
黄林
贺亚男
伍振峰
包晓明
张定堃
杨明
YANG Dan-dan;HUANG Hao-zhou;CHEN Xin-ming;HUANG Lin;HE Ya-nan;WU Zhen-feng;BAO Xiao-ming;ZHANG Ding-kun;YANG Ming(Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources,School of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;Shimadzu Enterprise Management(China)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610023,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
北大核心
2025年第11期3001-3012,共12页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82074026)
四川省自然科学基金项目(2024NSFSC1846)
江西中医药大学现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(zdsys-202203)。
作者简介
通信作者:张定堃,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为中药制剂新技术,E-mail:zhangdingkun@cdutcm.edu.cn;通信作者:杨明,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为中药制剂学及中药炮制学,E-mail:lab215@163.com;杨丹丹,硕士研究生,E-mail:2912661751@qq.com。
