摘要
长期以来,电子竞技能否、应否融入奥林匹克赛事体系是体育社会学领域的重要议题,且存在较大分歧与争论。研究基于吉登斯的结构化理论构建“生活性历程—社会性历程—系统性历程”分析框架,探讨电竞入奥的历程、现状与前景。研究发现:①生活性历程以电子游戏的文化意蕴扩展与技术手段跃迁为基石,社会性历程通过解构负面性标签塑造电子竞技的竞技符号,系统性历程则呈现多元主体目标共聚、组织治理缺位与制度性话语博弈的张力;②规则冲突(游戏迭代与体育治理的矛盾)和资源争夺(技术资本与制度权威的博弈)造就了电竞入奥的现实困境,国际奥林匹克委员会以差异化诠释电竞概念、选择性构建治理同盟的策略谋求电竞赛事主导权;③未来需借助奥运赛事的制度性嵌入实现电竞生态的身份转型与技术-文化协同演化,通过虚拟体育的制度嵌套突破奥运项目遴选壁垒,警惕体育过度技术化导致的竞技本质异化。研究认为,构建兼具适应性、包容性与规范性的全球治理体系是实现电子竞技善治的重要议题,中国应通过优化国内电竞生态、参与国际规则制定为全球电竞治理贡献中国智慧。
The inclusion of Electronic Sports(Esports)in the Olympics has long been a contentious and divisive issue in the field of sociology of sports.This study constructed an analytical framework of“living process–social process–systemic process”based on Giddens’Structuration theory to explore the process,current status,and prospects of the inclusion of Esports in the Olympics.The findings reveal that:①The living process is grounded in the cultural expansion and technological evolution of video games;the social process involves deconstructing negative stereotypes to establish Esports as a competitive symbol;and the systemic process reflects tensions arising from multi-stakeholder objectives,insufficient organizational governance,and institutional discourse struggles.②Real-world challenges arise from rule conflicts(e.g.,contradictions between game iteration and sports governance)and resource competition(e.g.,clashes between technological capital and institutional authority).The International Olympic Committee(IOC)has sought dominance over Esports events by reinterpreting the concept of Esports and selectively forming governance alliances.③Future pathways require the institutional embedding of Olympic events to facilitate the transformation of Esports’identity and the collaborative evolution of technology and culture.By using virtual sports’institutional nesting,the barriers to Olympic event selection can be overcome,while cautioning against the excessive technologicalization of sports which could lead to the distortion of its competitive nature.The study argues that establishing an adaptive,inclusive,and normative global governance framework is critical for the sound development of Esports.China should contribute Chinese Wisdom to global Esports governance by optimizing its domestic Esports ecosystem and participating in international rule-making.
作者
刘睿
刘建
郑国华
LIU Rui;LIU Jian;ZHENG Guohua(School of Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Physical Education,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;School of Journalism and Communication,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《体育学研究》
北大核心
2025年第1期77-86,共10页
Journal of Sports Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD344)
国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BTY023)。
关键词
电子竞技
电子游戏
虚拟体育
结构化理论
电竞治理
electronic sports
electronic games
virtual sports
Structuration theory
Esports governance
作者简介
第一作者:刘睿,博士生,研究方向:电子竞技、体育赛事;通信作者:郑国华,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向:体育历史与文化、体育与社会发展。
