中美气候技术合作:进程、动力与挑战

China-U.S.Climate Technology Cooperation:Processes,Motivations and Challenges

导出

摘要气候技术的创新及应用是应对气候变化问题的关键要素,其研发、应用及推广过程具有全球治理属性、公共产品属性、地缘政治属性和供需不平衡性等重要特征。作为全球最大的两个经济体和碳排放国,中美气候技术合作对于气候技术的进步和全球气候治理的实现意义重大。就进程而言,中美在气候技术领域保持了长期交流与互动,双方合作也经历了“有限合作—全面深化—总体停滞—竞合同步”的阶段性历程。就动力而言,中美在气候技术领域存在广泛的共同利益,两国之间的气候技术合作既是气候技术创新的必然需求,也是符合双方经济利益的合理选择,更是体现全球气候治理中两国愿意承担大国责任的重要信号。但是中美气候技术合作也面临着诸多的挑战,包括美国霸权护持逻辑下气候政策的“安全化”、知识产权保护与技术转移争议,以及美国气候政策波动与易变性。在当前全球气候危机不断加剧的背景下,中美应促进双边气候技术合作,共同应对气候挑战,维护全人类共同利益。 The innovation and application of climate technology is vital to address climate change issues.Climate technology cooperation between China and the U.S.,the world's two largest economies and carbon emitters,is of great significance to the advancement of climate technology and the achievement of global climate governance.China-U.S.long-term interaction in this field has undergone a phased progression path from“limited cooperation”,“comprehensive promotion”,“stagnation”to“co-opetition”.In terms of motivation,China and the U.S.undoubtedly have extensive and substantial mutual interest in climate technology cooperation which is an essential requirement for science-technology innovation,reasonable choice for both countries’economic development,and important signal of their willingness to take responsibilities in global climate governance.However,China-U.S.climate technology cooperation still faces multi-dimensional challenges from the securitization of U.S.climate policy rooted in the logic of hegemony maintenance,intellectual property rights and technology transfer disputes,as well as the dramatic volatility of U.S.climate policy.Against the backdrop of an escalating global climate crisis,China and the U.S.ought to enhance their bilateral climate technology cooperation to jointly tackle climate challenges and safeguard the common interests of the whole world.

作者信强杨慧慧 Xin Qiang;Yang Huihui

机构地区复旦大学美国研究中心复旦大学台湾研究中心复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出处《美国问题研究》 2024年第1期1-25,287,共26页 Fudan American Review

基金 2021年度国家哲学社会科学基金重大招标项目(21&ZD170)阶段性成果

关键词中美关系气候变化气候技术气候治理 China-U.S.Relationship Climate change Climate technology Global climate governance

分类号 D815 [政治法律—国际关系]

作者简介信强,复旦大学美国研究中心副主任、台湾研究中心主任;杨慧慧,复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院博士研究生。