摘要
自贸试验区建设可以提高企业的员工素质、改善企业的劳动资料、拓展企业的劳动对象、优化企业的要素配置,并通过制度创新缓解企业的融资约束、降低企业的制度成本,从而促进企业新质生产力发展。从新质劳动力、新质劳动资料、新质劳动对象、要素组合优化4个维度构建企业新质生产力水平评价指标体系,结合熵值法和独立性权重进行指标赋权,采用沪深A股上市公司2012—2022年的数据分析发现:自贸试验区建设显著提升了所在城市企业的新质生产力水平,并对“区外市内”企业的新质生产力水平也具有显著的正向影响;自贸试验区建设能够通过缓解融资约束和降低制度成本的路径来促进企业新质生产力发展;自贸试验区建设显著提升了非国有企业新质生产力水平,但对国有企业的影响不显著;自贸试验区建设的企业新质生产力提升效应在沿海地区显著,但在内陆地区不显著。因此,应积极推进自贸试验区建设,以因地制宜发展新质生产力为目标优化自贸试验区制度体系,并增强自贸试验区建设的辐射带动作用,有效促进企业新质生产力发展。
Pilot free trade zones serve as the forefront of institutional innovation and an important platform for deeply integrating with international economic and trade rules.This two-way synergistic institutional openness is conducive to accurately adapting to the new type of production relations required for the development of new quality productive forces.Through adaptive adjustments,it provides strong support for the innovation and upgrading of productivity,empowering the development of new quality productive forces.This paper uses listed company data from the Wind database from 2012 to 2022,constructs a corporate new quality productive forces evaluation index system based on the theory of the three factors of productivity,determines the index weights using the entropy method and independence weight,calculates the new quality productive forces level at the enterprise level,and examines the impact mechanism of pilot free trade zones construction on corporate new quality productive forces.Empirical research findings indicate that the construction of pilot free trade zones significantly promotes the enhancement of corporate new quality productive forces.Mechanism analysis results show that pilot free trade zones mainly promote the development of corporate new quality productive forces by alleviating corporate financing constraints and reducing corporate institutional costs.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that pilot free trade zones have a more pronounced promotional effect on the new quality productive forces of non-state-owned enterprises,the construction of pilot free trade zones in the coastal areas significantly promotes the development of corporate new quality productive forces,but the role of inland pilot free trade zones is insignificant.At the same time,the impact of pilot free trade zones is not limited to enterprises within the zone,and there is a significant spillover effect.Compared with previous literature,this paper extends in the following three aspects.First,it optimizes the measurement of new quality productive forces,closely follows the connotation of new quality productive forces,optimizes the measurement indicators of new quality laborers,new quality labor objects,and new quality means of labor,and considers the optimization indicators of new quality factor combinations,constructing an index system that better fits the connotation of new quality productive forces.Second,using listed company data,it is the first to empirically test that the construction of pilot free trade zones is conducive to promoting the enhancement of corporate new quality productive forces,deepening the understanding of the important role of institutional openness in accelerating the development of new quality productive forces.Third,it reveals the mechanism by which pilot free trade zones can promote the enhancement of corporate new quality productive forces by alleviating corporate financing constraints and reducing corporate institutional costs,analyzes the spatial spillover effect of pilot free trade zones,and has reference significance for optimizing the policy system supporting the development of corporate new quality productive forces.This study reveals the internal logic of how institutional openness promotes the development of new quality productive forces,which not only helps to enrich the theoretical research on the construction of pilot free trade zones but also provides practical guidance for creating a pioneer area of institutional openness and assisting in the leapfrog development of productivity levels from an empirical perspective.
作者
崔庆波
于浩洋
CUI Qing-bo;YU Hao-yang(School of Economics(Institute of Free Trade Zone Studies),Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)
出处
《西部论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期1-16,共16页
West Forum
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目(24BJY117)
云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-160)
云南大学人文社会科学研究基金项目(2023YNUZK03)
云南大学高端智库培育项目“区域国别研究专项”(2024CY22624204)。
关键词
自贸试验区
企业新质生产力
融资约束
制度成本
制度型开放
pilot free trade zones
corporate new quality productive forces
financing constraints
institutional cost
institutional opening-up
作者简介
崔庆波(1981),男,云南曲靖人,副教授,硕士生导师,博士,主要从事自由贸易试验区研究,Email:cqbmail@126.com。;于浩洋(2000),男,广东佛山人,硕士研究生,主要从事自由贸易试验区研究,Email:244291064@qq.com。
