摘要
【目的】探究乌蒙山自然保护区野生猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis Planch)ITS遗传多样性,继而研究其亲缘关系,选育优质新品种。【方法】采用样线法对乌蒙山自然保护区野生猕猴桃的种类、分布及其生态环境进行调查,并将61份猕猴桃属植物样本进行浅层测序,以Actinidia callosa ITS区(登录号:AF323803.1)为模板对获得的基因组数据进行ITS区组装,以获得每个样本ITS基因序列数据。【结果】在乌蒙山自然保护区内,野生猕猴桃属植物集中分布在海拔1241.80~1976.42 m,主要生长于灌木丛中或山坡林缘。分类鉴定结果显示,61份猕猴桃样本分别隶属于1个属(猴桃属),7个种。其中,昭通猕猴桃为云南特有种。将ITS基因组装后比较分析发现,序列长度在501~650 bp,总GC含量在50.88%~57.72%,变化幅度较大;在5.8S区段相对保守,变异率较小;7个种的遗传距离在0.003 09~0.597 00,总体平均遗传距离为0.302 00;其中狗枣猕猴桃和昭通猕猴桃亲缘关系较近,遗传距离为0.003 09,中华猕猴桃与京梨猕猴桃、显脉猕猴桃、葡萄叶猕猴桃和葛枣猕猴桃的遗传距离较近,介于0.042 10~0.071 90,而与昭通猕猴桃和狗枣猕猴桃的遗传距离分别为0.588 00和0.587 00。系统发育分析结果表明,野生猕猴桃的系统发育较复杂,存在地理位置相对较远而亲缘关系较近的情况,说明地理位置的远近可为遗传变异提供变异积累。【结论】乌蒙山自然保护区内猕猴桃科植物多样性丰富,不同种间ITS序列遗传变异位点显著,可为野生猕猴桃种质资源开发利用提供理论基础。
[Objective]The study aimed to evaluate ITS genetic diversity of wild kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis Planch)in Wumeng Mountain Nature Reserve,and then to explore its genetic relationship and breed new varieties with high quality.[Method]The sample line method envi-ronment of wild kiwifruit in Wumengshan Nature Reserve,and 61 Actinidiaceae samples were collected for genome skimming,and the ITS re-gion was used as a template for assembling ITS region on the genomic data obtained from the A.callosa ITS region(accession number:AF323803.1)in order to obtain the ITS gene sequence data for each sample.[Result]In Wumengshan Nature Reserve,the wild kiwifruit plants were mainly distributed at the altitude of 1241.80-1976.42 meters,mostly growing in the hillside forest margin or brush.The results of taxonomic identification showed that the 61 Actinidiaceae samples belonged to one genera(Actinidia Lindl)and seven species.Among them,A.rubus Levl.was endemic in Yunnan province.Comparative analysis of the assembled ITS genes revealed that the sequence lengths ranged from 501 to 650 bp,and the total GC content ranged from 50.88%to 57.72%,with a wide range of variations.The genetic distance of the seven kiwifruit species ranged from 0.00309 to 0.59700,with an overall average of 0.30200.The genetic distance between A.holo-mikta.and A.rubus.was the closet,with a genetic distance of 0.00309,and the genetic distance between A.chinensis Planch.and A.callosa.A.venosa,A.vitifolia,A.polygama Maxim.was closer,ranging from 0.04210 to 0.07190,while the distances A.chinensis Planch.and A.ru-bus Levl.,A.kolomikta Maxim.was 0.58800 and 0.58700,respectively.The results of phylogenetic analyses showed that the phylogeny of wild kiwifruit was more complex,and close family and a rather far geographic location were present,suggesting that geographic closeness could contribute to the accumulation of genetic variation.[Conclusion]The study showes that the kiwifruit plants in Wumengshan Nature Reserve are rich in diversity,and the ITS sequences of different species have significant genetic variation loci,and the findings of the study can frame-work for the creation and application of resources for wild kiwifruit germplasm.
作者
唐玉凤
张露
田虹
赵登梅
王顺富
李慧龙
桑正林
全勇
TANG Yu-feng;ZHANG Lu;TIAN Hong;ZHAO Deng-mei;WANG Shun-fu;LI Hui-long;SANG Zheng-lin;QUAN Yong(College of Agronomy and Life Sciences,Zhaotong University,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Green Planting and Processing of Gastrodia,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic Biology,Zhaotong University,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Apple Industry Development Center of Zhaotong,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期2012-2017,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0983)
云南省全勇专家基层科研工作站(202305AF60031)。
作者简介
第一作者:唐玉凤(1987-)女,在读博士,研究方向为农业生态环境保护。E-mail:47016@ztu.edu.cn;通信作者:桑正林(1965-),男,教授,主要从事植物分类学研究。E-mail:1756472186@qq.com;通信作者:全勇(1973-),男,研究员,主要从事水果技术与推广研究。E-mail:563197296@qq.com。
