摘要
【目的】研究饲粮中添加黄连须根提取物和益生菌对三黄鸡的生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫器官指数、肠道组织形态及盲肠微生物区系的影响,有助于指导畜禽的科学养殖。【方法】以三黄鸡为试验对象,设置4个处理,试验组A为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;试验组B、C、D分别在基础日粮中添加4%黄连须根提取物+100 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌+100 mg/kg植物乳杆菌、8%黄连须根提取物+100 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌+100 mg/kg植物乳杆菌、12%黄连须根提取物+100 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌+100 mg/kg植物乳杆菌,测定比较其生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫器官指数、肠道组织形态及盲肠微生物区系的差异。【结果】饲粮中添加4%~12%黄连须根提取物+益生菌后显著增加三黄鸡的平均日增重,显著降低料重比(P<0.05,下同),显著降低血清中AST、TG、LDL-C含量,显著提高三黄鸡的胸腺指数、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数,显著提高三黄鸡十二指肠的绒毛高度。添加8%~12%黄连须根提取物+益生菌组合显著提升三黄鸡十二指肠和回肠的绒隐比,且显著提高三黄鸡盲肠菌群的Observed_species和Chao1丰富度指数,显著提高Shannon、Simpson多样性指数。添加4%~12%黄连须根提取物+益生菌组合的三黄鸡盲肠菌群中有害菌群Actinobacteria、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)的相对丰度显著降低,益生菌群瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)和颤螺菌属(Oscillospira)的相对丰度显著升高。【结论】饲粮中添加黄连须根提取物和益生菌,能提高三黄鸡的生长性能,增加平均日增重,降低料重比,提高脂代谢水平和肝脏健康状况,促进免疫器官和肠道形态发育,促进了肠道中益生菌的繁殖,抑制了有害菌的增殖,丰富盲肠微生物区系,更好地保持三黄鸡健康。
【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the effect of dietary supplementation with fibrous roots extract of Coptis chinensis and probiotics on growth performance,serum biochemical indicators,immune organ indices,intestinal tissue morphology,and cecal microbiota of Sanhuang chickens,which is helpful to guide the scientific breeding of livestock and poultry.【Method】Using Sanhuang chickens as the experimental subjects,four treatments were set up,with experimental group A as the control group and fed with basic diet;Experimental groups B,C and D were fed the basic diet supplemented with 4%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis+100 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis+100 mg/kg Lactobacillus plantarum,8%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis+100 mg/kg B.subtilis+100 mg/kg L.plantarum,and 12%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis+100 mg/kg B.subtilis+100 mg/kg L.plantarum,respectively.The differences in growth performance,serum biochemical indicators,immune organ index,intestinal tissue morphology and cecal microbiota of Sanhuang chickens were measured and comyzoyed.【Result】Adding 4%to 12%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis and probiotics to the diet significantly increased the average daily weight gain and significantly reduced the feed to weight ratio of Sanhuang chickens(P<0.05,the same as below),significantly reduced the content of AST,TG,and LDL-C in serum,significantly increased the thymus index,spleen index,and bursal index of Sanhuang chickens,significantly increased the villous height of the duodenum in Sanhuang chickens.Moreover,adding a combination of 8%to 12%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis and probiotics significantly increased the velvety to crypt ratio of the duodenum and ileum,and significantly increased the Observable_Species and Chao1 richness indices of cecal microbiota in Sanhuang chickens;The Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were signifiecatly increased.Adding a combination of 4%to 12%fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis and probiotics significantly reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacterial groups belonging to Actinobacteria and Bacteroides,while significantly increase the abundance of probiotic genera including Ruminococcus,Coprococcus,and Oscillospira in the cecal microbiota of Sanhuang chickens.【Conclusion】Adding the fibrous roots extract of C.chinensis and probiotics to the diet can improve the growth performance of Sanhuang chickens,increased the average daily weight gain,reduce feed to weight ratio,improve lipid metabolism and liver health,promote the development of immune organs and intestinal morphology,promote the proliferation of probiotics in the intestine,inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria,enrich the microbiota of the cecum,and better maintain the health of Sanhuang chickens.
作者
卢圣鄂
任风鸣
王晗
卓维
亓俊朋
杨希萌
LU Sheng-e;REN Feng-ming;WANG Han;ZHUO Wei;QI Jun-peng;YANG Xi-meng(Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation,Chongqing 408435,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期688-696,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项项目(cstc2021-jxjl005)
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2021jscxdxwtB0011)
重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项项目(cstc2021-jxjl013)。
关键词
黄连须根提取物
益生菌
三黄鸡
生长性能
免疫功能
盲肠菌群
Fibrous roots extract of Coptis chinensis
Probiotics
Sanhuang chickens
Growth performance
Immune function
Cecal microbiota
作者简介
第一作者:卢圣鄂(1989-),男,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事中药材副产物无抗饲料添加剂研发研究。E-mail:610471554@qq.com;通讯作者:任风鸣(1985-),男,博士,研究员,主要从事中药资源开发与利用研究。E-mail:348080877@qq.com。
