摘要
为了探明花叶用工业大麻在云南地区种植的最佳栽培密度和收获期,以云南主栽的工业大麻品种“云麻7号”为材料,分别于2019、2020年在云南省曲靖市沾益区进行大田随机区组试验。两年均设置4个栽培密度(0.5、1、2、3万株/hm^(2))和4个收获期(140、150、160、170 d),在收获期测定株高、茎粗、花叶产量、茎秆产量以及CBD含量等指标。于170 d收获时,两年的株高均在密度2万株/hm^(2)下达到最大值,分别为346.8 cm和267.1 cm,两年的茎粗均在密度0.5万株/hm^(2)下达到最大值,分别为44.3 mm和49.3 mm。2019年在140 d收获和3万株/hm^(2)密度条件下,花叶产量达到最大值3375 kg/hm^(2),2020年在170 d收获和2万株/hm^(2)密度条件下,花叶产量达到最大值5426 kg/hm^(2)。2019年在150 d收获和3万株/hm^(2)密度条件下,茎秆产量和地上部总产量均达到最大值,分别为7560 kg/hm^(2)和11014 kg/hm^(2),2020年在170 d收获2万株/hm^(2)密度条件下,茎秆产量达到最大值5632 kg/hm^(2),在170 d收获和3万株/hm^(2)密度下,地上部总产量达到最大值11001 kg/hm^(2)。大麻CBD含量两年均在160 d收获和1万株/hm^(2)密度条件下达到最大值,分别为1.2%和2.4%。栽培密度与收获期能影响工业大麻的花叶产量和CBD含量,栽培密度为3万株/hm^(2)和170 d时收获是“云麻7号”获得高产的重要栽培措施,同时在160 d收获和1万株/hm^(2)密度下栽培是获得高CBD含量的关键因素。
In order to find out the best planting density and harvest period of industrial hemp for flowers and leaves in Yunnan,a randomized field block trial was conducted in Zhanyi District,Qujing City,Yunnan Province in 2019 and 2020,respectively,using a leading variety Yunma 7 in Yunnan as the material.Four planting densities(5000,10000,20000 and 30000 plants/hm^(2))and four harvest periods(140,150,160 and 170 days)were set in both years.Plant height,stem diameter,flower and leaf yield,stem yield and CBD content were measured during the harvest period.When harvested at 170 days,the plant height reached the maximum at the density of 20000 plants/hm^(2),which were 346.8 cm and 267.1 cm in respective two years,while the stem diameter reached the maximum at the density of 5000 plants/hm^(2),which were 44.3 mm and 49.3 mm,respectively.In 2019,the maximum yield of flower and leaf was 3375 kg/hm^(2) at harvest period of 140 days and density of 30000 plants/hm^(2).So that was 5247 kg/hm^(2) in 2020 when harvest at 170 days and 20000 plants/hm^(2) density.In 2019,the stem yield and total aboveground yield reached the maximum of 7560 kg/hm^(2) and 11014 kg/hm^(2) respectively under the condition of 150 days harvest and 30000 plants/hm^(2).In 2020,the stem yield and total aboveground yield reached the maximum of 5602 kg/hm^(2)(20000 plants/hm^(2))and 11001 kg/hm^(2)(30000 plants/hm^(2))when harvest at 170 days.The maximum CBD content of hemp in this two year were 1.2%and 2.4%under the conditions of 160 d harvest and 10000 plants/hm^(2) density.The flower and leaf yield and CBD content of industrial hemp were affected by the cultivation density and harvest time.The important cultivation measure for Yunma 7 to obtain highest yield were cultivation density of 30000 plants/hm^(2) and the harvest time of 170 days.The key factor to obtain highest CBD content were 160 days harvest and 10000 plants/hm^(2) density.
作者
蒋文素
汤开磊
牛龙江
李涛
欧阳文静
刘飞虎
杜光辉
杨阳
JIANG Wensu;TANG Kailei;NIU Longjiang;LI Tao;OUYANG Wenjing;LIU Feihu;DU Guanghui;YANG Yang(Institude of Plant Resources,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Hanshengfeng Industrial Cannabis Planting Co.,Ltd.,Qujing 650217,Yunnan,China)
出处
《中国麻业科学》
2024年第1期16-23,共8页
Plant Fiber Sciences in China
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-16-E15)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0233)。
关键词
工业大麻
栽培密度
收获期
农艺性状
花叶产量
CBD含量
industrial hemp(Cannabis sativa L.)
planting density
harvest time
agronomic character
flower and leaf yield
CBD content
作者简介
蒋文素(1998—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为农艺与种业。E-mail:jiangwensu597@163.com;通信作者:杨阳(1987—),男,实验师,硕士,研究方向为工业大麻栽培生理。E-mail:yjy@ynu.edu.cn;通信作者:杜光辉(1982—),男,讲师,博士,研究方向为工业大麻高产栽培。E-mail:dgh2012@ynu.edu.cn。
