摘要
赋题法是拟乐府创作中严格地由题面着笔,按照题面所提示的内容倾向运思取材的方法。齐梁以来,文人乐府诗大量使用赋题法构思立意,使乐府拟作既可沿袭古题之义采用时代新体,还可寓意古题,挖掘古题的时代新义,从而为乐府拟作在主题内容和体式结构上的创新提供了更自由的空间。因赋题法的使用而形成的古乐府主题与曲题的对应关系,为唐代歌行诗创作提供了思路:诗人在乐府中寓意古题、别出新意,在诗歌体式上突破乐府制约,形成拟赋古题的歌行;“主题+歌词性诗题”的歌行,在对主题的强调中保留诗题“歌”“行”等歌辞性字眼,形成歌行的“标识”意义;自拟非歌词性新题的歌行,为进一步强化诗歌主题,其体类属性只在诗歌篇章结构上体现。唐代歌行体的形成与文人乐府赋题法密切相关。
The method of"futi"in the creation of imitative Yuefu poetry strictly follows the given theme,and uses the content suggested by the theme to generate ideas.Since the Qi and Liang dynasties,literati Yuefu poets have extensively employed this method to conceive and convey their intentions.It allows them to adopt a new style for imitating ancient themes while also exploring contemporary meanings within those themes,thus providing more freedom for innovation in both thematic content and structural form of imitative Yuefu poetry.The correspondence between ancient Yuefu themes and song titles formed through the use of"futi"provides inspiration for Tang dynasty gering-style poem composition:poets imbue ancient themes with new interpretations in their imitative Yuefu poems,breaking free from traditional constraints on poetic forms,resulting in gexing-style poems that resemble imitated classical compositions.Gering-style poems with a combination of a"theme+lyrics-like title"retain words related to singing or songs while emphasizing the main theme,serving as an identifying element for gering-style poems.On the other hand,gering-style poems with newly created non-lyrical titles further strengthen poetic themes but only reflect their genre attributes through structural organization within the poem itself.The formation of Tang dynasty's gestyle poetry is closely related to literati's use of"futi"in creating imitative Yuefu works.
出处
《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期101-107,共7页
Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“乐府体与中国古代诗歌叙事传统的建构”(23XZW012)。
关键词
乐府
赋题法
寓意古题
歌行体
形成
Yuefu
the writing method of"futi"
imbuing ancient themes with meaning
gering-style
formation
作者简介
吴大顺,广西师范大学文学院教授,博士生导师(广西桂林541004)。
