摘要
针对电动汽车电池盒铝合金框架结构复杂、焊缝多、焊后尺寸精度要求高的难题,提出采用4把焊枪同步进行熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG焊)的方法。基于数值仿真技术,对比分析了4种不同焊接顺序下框架的残余应力及焊接变形。结果表明,4种焊接策略下电池盒框架的残余应力分布规律相似,主要集中在焊缝;“M”形由外及里焊接策略的最大等效残余应力平均值最小,为147 MPa。不同焊接策略的变形分布存在较大差异。采用“W”形内外交替的焊接顺序,首先将中间横梁、短梁与边框连接在一起,增大了电池盒框架抗变形能力,然后焊接其余焊缝,框架的平衡对称状态能抵消部分变形,最大变形量0.54 mm,在4种焊接策略中变形最小。
Aiming at the difficult problems of aluminum alloy frame of electric vehicle battery box,such as complex structure,many welding seams and high requirements of dimensional accuracy after welding,a method of simultaneous MIG welding with four welding guns was proposed.Based on numerical simulation technology,the residual stress and welding deformation of four frames with different welding sequences were compared and analyzed.The results show that the residual stress distribution of the battery box frame with four welding strategies is similar,mainly concentrated in the weld.The average value of maximum equivalent residual stress of "M" shape from outside to inside welding strategy is the minimum,which is 147 MPa.The distribution of deformation varies greatly with different welding strategies.The welding sequence of "W" shape alternating inside and outside is adopted.First,the middle beam,short beam and frame are connected together,which increases the deformation resistance of the battery box frame.Then the rest of the welds are welded.The balanced and symmetrical state of the frame can offset part of the deformation.The maximum deformation is 0.54 mm,which is the minimum deformation in the four welding strategies.
作者
梁军强
蒋玲玲
迟珉良
赵天佑
张勇
李文亚
LIANG Junqiang;JIANG Lingling;CHI Minliang;ZHAO Tianyou;ZHANG Yong;LI Wenya(Process Technology R&D Center,Minth Automotive Technology Research&Development Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315803,China;Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Engineering Technology of Shaanxi Province,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)
出处
《热加工工艺》
北大核心
2023年第19期133-138,共6页
Hot Working Technology
关键词
电动汽车
铝合金框架
焊接顺序
残余应力
焊接变形
electric vehicle
aluminum alloy frame
welding sequence
residual stress
welding deformation
作者简介
梁军强(1976-),男,浙江宁波人,高级工程师,主要从事汽车零部件焊接技术研发工作,电话:13566510218,E-mail:junqiang.liang@minthgroup.com;通讯作者:张勇(1965-),男,重庆人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为先进材料焊接工艺与质量控制,电话:15802903971,E-mail:hjzhyong@nwpu.edu.cn。
