论国家保护国际海底电缆的义务与责任被引量：1

On the Obligations and Responsibilities of States to Protect International Submarine Cables

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摘要国际海底电缆是关键的通信基础设施,世界各国对海底电缆的依赖性逐年增强,但是目前国际海底电缆面临着海域竞争性使用、数据窃取、人为蓄意损坏等行为带来的挑战与威胁。《联合国海洋法公约》赋予了各国在沿海国专属经济区、大陆架以及公海海域铺设海底电缆的权利。沿海国对其海域内的海底电缆有一定程度的管辖权,电缆受损国也可在符合国际法的前提下行使域外管辖权保护本国海底电缆。在现有国际海洋法下,国家应尽适当顾及义务和勤勉尽责义务保护国际海底电缆。各国行使国际法赋予的权利时,应适当顾及其他国家铺设海底电缆的权利,反之亦然。勤勉尽责义务要求国家应当采取必要措施,以确保其管辖或控制下的个人行为不严重损害他国海底电缆。若国家未尽适当顾及义务或勤勉尽责义务损害国际海底电缆应承担国家责任。 Submarine cables are the most critical communication infrastructure for countries around the world.Every country in the world is increasingly dependent on submarine cables.But submarine cables face challenges and threats from competing uses of the sea,data theft and deliberate damage.The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS)regulates that states have the right to lay submarine cables in the exclusive economic zone of coastal states,the continental shelf,the high seas and the international seabed area.Coastal states have certain degrees of jurisdiction over international submarine cables laid in sea areas under their jurisdiction.And the injured states may exercise extraterritorial jurisdiction to protect their submarine cables subject to international law.Under the existing international law of the sea,states should fulfill the obligations of due regard and due diligence to protect international submarine cables.In exercising their rights under the international law,states shall have due regard to the rights of laying submarine cables of other states,and vice versa.The obligation of due diligence requires that the state should take necessary measures to ensure that the acts of individuals under its jurisdiction or control do not cause serious damage to the submarine cables of other states.State responsibility will arise if the state fails to exercise due regard or due diligence and causes damage to international submarine cables.

作者王金鹏姜璐璐 Wang Jinpeng;Jiang Lulu(School of Law,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区中国海洋大学法学院

出处《中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)》 2023年第6期33-45,共13页 Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基金 2022年度青岛市社会科学规划研究项目“国际法视角下海底电缆保护与损害赔偿制度研究”(QDSKL2201030)的资助。

关键词海洋法国际海底电缆适当顾及勤勉尽责国家责任 law of the sea international submarine cables due regard due diligence state responsibility

分类号 D996 [政治法律—经济法学]

作者简介王金鹏(1990-),男,山东临沂人,中国海洋大学法学院副教授,主要从事海洋法、国际环境法、极地法研究。