摘要
积极应对人口老龄化问题早已成为各国重要的国家战略。作为现代性直接后果的老龄化问题没有首先在现代文明的中心地城市出现,而是在落后村落率先发生,尤其在东亚国家表现得更为突出。乡村超老龄社会的来临,使东亚国家直面乡村社会联结机制的解构、公共服务体系的退缩、农业生产劳动力供给的阻滞等社会问题。韩国为了积极应对乡村超老龄化,经历了临时救护至奠定基础、基本确立至稳步发展、多元共存至统筹发展三个阶段,建构了具有较强社会性色彩的老龄政策体系,这对完善中国老龄政策具有重要的启示意义。我们应以法律法规为支撑,系统谋划具体实施计划,趋向老龄政策的法制化和规范化;倡导培育多元化的社会组织,因地制宜制定老龄政策,发挥政策传递过程中的枢纽性作用;以生产性老龄政策为导向,建立乡村互助养老体系,重构乡村共同体,实现乡村全面振兴,为中国式现代化建设提供理论参考。
It has already become an important national strategy to actively deal with the problematic population aging.As a direct consequence of modernity,the problem of aging does not first appear in the central cities of modern civilization,but in the poor backcountry of traditional villages,which is especially prominent in East Asian countries.With the advent of rural hyper-aged society,East Asian countries are directly faced with such social problems as the deconstruction of rural social linkage mechanism,the withdrawal of the public service system,and the block of agricultural production labor supply.To actively cope with rural hyper aging,South Korea has experienced three stages from the temporary rescue to the foundation,basic establishment to steady development,multiple coexistence and overall development,and constructed the aging policy system with strong social colors,which is of important reference significance for the establishment of the elderly policy in China.We should be supported by laws and regulations,systematic planning of specific implementation plans,and tend to legalize and standardize the aging policy.It advocates the cultivation of diversified social organizations,develops aging policies according to local conditions,plays a pivotal role in the process of policy transmission,and establishes a rural mutual care system for the elderly and reconstructs the rural community guided by productive aging,to realize all-round rural revitalization,and provide theoretical reference for Chinese modernization.
作者
卞成日
芦恒
BIAN Chengri;LU Heng
出处
《世界农业》
CSSCI
2023年第8期38-50,共13页
World Agriculture
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“东亚乡村振兴的社会政策比较研究”(18ZDA119)。
作者简介
卞成日(1991-),男,吉林延吉人,博士研究生,讲师,研究方向:社会政策、地域社会学,E-mail:bianchengri@qq.com;芦恒(1982-),男,贵州贵阳人,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向:地域社会学,E-mail:luheng@jlu.edu.cn。
