摘要
目的:了解2016—2021年无偿献血者人体缺陷免疫病毒(human immuno-deficiency virus,HIV)感染状况及人群特征。方法:选取2016—2021年山东省血液中心招募的653135例无偿献血者为研究对象,对所有血液标本采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和核酸检测技术(NAT)进行检测,反应性标本送疾病预防控制中心进行确证试验,对HIV确证试验不确定者和NAT检测阳性免疫印迹阴性者按要求进行追踪随访,统计分析HIV确认感染献血者人口学特征。结果:2016—2021年山东省血液中心在无偿献血者中发现HIV感染80例(包括1例由确证试验不确定者和6例单纯NAT阳性献血者追踪为HIV感染),感染率为0.12‰,不同年份之间感染率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),HIV感染者在性别、学历、职业、招募方式等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在献血年龄、献血史、献血方式方面无明显差异。学生群体中HIV感染率存在升高趋势,个别采血班组HIV感染率较多。结论:无偿献血人群HIV感染病例具有男性为主、年龄较低、同性传播为主等特点,部分献血人群中HIV感染存在小范围聚集,有必要对特殊感染群体加强HIV预防感染知识健康宣教。
Objective To investigate human immuno-deficiency virus(HIV)infection and population characteristics among voluntary blood donors in Jinan,China from 2016 to 2021.Methods A total of 653135 voluntary blood donors recruited by Shandong Provincial Blood Center from 2016 to 2021 were enrolled.All blood samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and nucleic acid detection technology(NAT).Confirmatory tests were performed on positive specimens by Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC).Donors with inconclusive HIV results indicated by confirmatory test were followed up as required.Demographic characteristics of blood donors with positive HIV indicated by confirmatory test were statistically analyzed.Results From 2016 to 2021,a total of 80 cases with HIV antibody positive among voluntary blood donors were identified by Shandong Provincial Blood Center(including 1 case who was not determined by confirmatory test and 6 cases who were simple nucleic acid positive but were confirmed as positive during the follow-up),with a confirmed positive rate of 0.12‰.There was no significant difference in confirmed positive rates between different years(P>0.05).There was significant difference in gender,education,occupation,and recruitment method among those with confirmed positive(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in blood donation age,blood donation history,and blood donation method.The HIV infection rate in students tended to rise,and HIV infection rates of blood samples collected from individual classes were high.Conclusion The cases with HIV among voluntary blood donors in Jinan were characterized by male dominance,younger age,and homosexual transmission.There were high incidences of HIV infection in some populations,and it is necessary to strengthen education on the prevention of HIV infection among the particular populations.
作者
陈萍
陈妍
颜鑫
刘丽
谯铭铭
王凤田
CHEN Ping;CHEN Yan;YAN Xin;LIU Li;QIAO Mingming;WANG Fengtian(Blood Center of Shandong Province,Jinan,250014,China)
出处
《临床血液学杂志》
2023年第6期440-444,共5页
Journal of Clinical Hematology
基金
山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(No:2019WS541)。
关键词
无偿献血者
人体缺陷免疫病毒
分布特征
变化趋势
voluntary blood donors
human immuno-deficiency virus
distribution characteristics
variation trends
作者简介
通讯作者:王凤田,E-mail:wangft82@163.com。
