摘要
人工智能时代的教学实践发生了质的变革,人机协同教学是技术与教育融合的必然趋势。为更好地理解与践行人机协同教学理念,在分析“人机协同”概念演进的基础上,进一步厘清人工智能时代的人机协同教学内涵,系统阐述了人机协同下人类教师与智能机器的角色定位,重点讨论了人机协同教学的构成要素以及目标指向,并给出了人工智能视域下人机协同教学的一般流程框架。人机协同教学分为课前教学准备、课中教师教学和课后学生发展三个阶段,包含协同预习、协同备课、协同授课、协同测评、协同辅导、协同批阅和协同评价七个环节。基于此,还开展了人机协同教学实践研究,结果表明,人机协同教学不仅有助于提高学生的学业成绩、计算思维与创新思维水平,还能为学生带来更好的心流体验。而针对如何规避智能时代人机协同教学可能引发的伦理沦丧与技术异化风险这一问题,认为在遵循人控原则、育人原则和赋能原则的基础上,还应尽早设立人机协同的规则、边界及伦理规范等方面的法律法规。
The teaching practice in the age of artificial intelligence has undergone a qualitative change.Man-machine collaborative teaching is the inevitable trend of the integration of technology and education.In order to better understand and practice the concept of man-machine collaborative teaching,this paper further clarifies the connotation of man-machine collaborative teaching in the era of artificial intelligence on the basis of analyzing the evolution of the concept of“man-machine collaborative”,systematically expounds the role positioning of human teachers and intelligent machines under man-machine collaborative teaching,and focuses on the components and target orientation of man-machine collaborative teaching.The general process framework of man-machine cooperative teaching from the perspective of artificial intelligence is given.Man-machine collaborative teaching is divided into three stages:pre-class teaching preparation,in-class teaching and after-class student development,including seven stages:collaborative preview,collaborative lesson preparation,collaborative teaching,collaborative assessment,collaborative tutoring,collaborative grading and collaborative evaluation.Based on this,the article also carried out a practical study on human-computer collaborative teaching.The analysis results show that human-computer collaborative teaching not only helps improve students’academic performance,computational thinking and innovative thinking,but also brings better flow experience to students.In view of how to avoid the risk of ethical decline and technological alienation caused by man-machine collaborative teaching in the intelligent era,the article thinks that on the basis of following the principle of human control,the principle of education and enabling principle,but also should establish as soon as possible man-machine collaborative rules,boundaries and ethical norms and other laws and regulations.
作者
何文涛
张梦丽
逯行
宋崇涛
HE Wentao;ZHANG Mengli;LU Hang;SONG Chongtao(Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua Zhejiang 321004)
出处
《现代远距离教育》
CSSCI
2023年第2期78-87,共10页
Modern Distance Education
基金
2022年度教育部人文社科青年项目“智慧教室的智能技术产品功能在课堂教学中的适应性研究”(编号:22YJC880020)
2023年浙江省自然科学基金重点项目“个性化学习数据的关键挖掘技术研究”(编号:LZ23F020003)。
关键词
人工智能
人机协同教学
智能机器角色
技术异化
Artificial Intelligence
Human-machine Collaborative Teaching
Role of Intelligent Machine
Technological Alienation
作者简介
何文涛,博士,浙江师范大学教育学院副教授,硕士生导师;张梦丽,浙江师范大学教育学院硕士研究生;逯行,博士,浙江师范大学教育学院讲师,硕士生导师;宋崇涛,浙江师范大学教育学院硕士研究生。
