摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)作为第4代发电技术,具有结构紧凑、体积小、能量密度高、效率高、启动快、低温运行以及零排放的绝对优势,被认为是现阶段理想的清洁能源之一,是未来新能源汽车理想的供能部件,受到各国学者的广泛关注。双极板作为PEMFC重要的组成部件之一,不仅能够将单电池串联、并联或是混合联结形成电池堆,起到支撑作用,还能够隔绝阴极、阳极的反应气体,排出电池堆反应产生的热量和水,对PEMFC电池堆的性能至关重要。合适的双极板材料要具有优异的导电性和耐腐蚀性,已成为PEMFC研究领域的一个热点。简述了PEMFC的工作原理以及近年来石墨双极板、金属双极板以及复合双极板的研究情况,指出了PEMFC在工作条件下对金属双极板的性能要求及改性难题。着重对不锈钢双极板的表面涂层改性进行了研究,列举了碳基涂层、金属及其化合物涂层、导电高分子聚合物涂层、疏水涂层等一系列涂层的研究进展和性能,分析对比了它们在PEMFC双极板表面改性中的优缺点。分析结果表明,过渡金属碳、氮化物以及碳/陶瓷复合涂层具有良好的导电性和耐蚀性且成本较低,是当前以及未来的研究热点,同时如何增强涂层与基体的结合力,也是今后双极板表面改性的发展方向。
As the fourth generation of power generation technology,proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)has absolute superiority in terms of compact structure,small size,high energy density,high efficiency,fast start,low temperature operation,and zero emission.It is considered as one of the most ideal clean energies at present,and is the ideal power component for new energy vehicles in the future,thus having received extensive attention from scholars.As one of the most important components of PEMFC,Bipolar plates not only can connect single batteries in series,parallel or series-parallel to form a battery stack and play a supporting role,but can isolate the reaction gas of cathode and anode and discharge the heat and water generated by the reaction of the battery stack,which is very important to the performance of PEMFC battery stack.Suitable bipolar plate materials with excellent electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance have become a hotspot in PEMFC research.In this paper,different bipolar plates were introduced.Graphite bipolar plate has become the traditional bipolar plate material with its excellent performance,and is currently the most studied and applied bipolar plate material.However,its high processing difficulty and high cost limit its commercial development,so it has been gradually replaced by metal bipolar plate.Compared with graphite,metal bipolar plate has higher workability.It can be ultra-thin and has a very high volume ratio power and mass ratio power.However,metal is prone to corrosion in PEMFC acidic environment and produces passivation film,which increases the contact resistance of electrode and bipolar plate surface and reduces its electrical conductivity,thereby seriously affecting the performance of battery stack.Accordingly,it is necessary to take measures to ensure its corrosion resistance and durability to prolong the service life of the battery.This paper focused primarily on the surface coating modification of stainless steel bipolar plates.The research progress and properties of a series of coatings like carbon-based coating,metal and its compound coating,conductive polymer coating and hydrophobic coating were listed and the advantages and disadvantages of these coatings in surface modification of PEMFC bipolar plates were analyzed and compared in this paper.The graphite coating has excellent properties,but its development and application are limited by high production cost and slow deposition rate.As a new material,graphene has incomparable advantages in metal bipolar plate protective coating.However,a single graphene carbon film can not achieve long-term protection for metal bipolar plates.The ideal graphene composite coating has excellent corrosion resistance and stability,and can well protect the stainless steel matrix.Transition metal carbide and transition metal nitride coatings have become the most studied coating modification materials due to their excellent performance and low production cost.The selection of protective coatings should not only consider the performance and cost of the coating itself,but also consider the binding force with the matrix and other issues.The coating modification can ensure the normal operation of bipolar plates in PEMFC operating environment,improve their corrosion resistance and conductivity,reduce production cost,and finally realize the commercial application of PEMFC.
作者
孙贤伟
李希超
赵经香
王敬豪
刘飞
赵培文
戴作强
郑莉莉
SUN Xian-wei;LI Xi-chao;ZHAO Jing-xiang;WANG Jing-hao;LIU Fei;ZHAO Pei-wen;DAI Zuo-qiang;ZHENG Li-li(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China;Power Integration and Energy Storage System Engineering Technology Center,Qingdao University,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology of Electric Vehicles(Qingdao),Qingdao University,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《表面技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期26-36,共11页
Surface Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(52001179)
山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020ME019)。
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池
双极板
涂层
导电性
腐蚀
proton exchange membrane fuel cell
bipolar plate
coating
electrical conductivity
corrosion
作者简介
孙贤伟(1997-),男,硕士生,主要研究方向为燃料电池双极板表面改性;通讯作者:郑莉莉(1984-),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为燃料电池双极板表面改性、锂离子电池安全性以及固态电池电解质设计优化。
