摘要
为明确烟草生产上施用聚天门冬氨酸(Polyaspartic Acid,PASP)对钾肥减量(减钾)条件下的增效作用,以常规施钾量为对照(CK2),在减钾10%条件下设置0(KP0)、2.5%(KP1)、5%(KP2)和7.5%(KP3)等4个PASP用量处理,研究减钾条件下配施PASP对植烟土壤及烤烟钾素吸收利用的影响。结果表明,与CK2相比,减钾10%不配施PASP处理(KP0)的土壤养分含量(质量分数)、土壤酶活性和钾素吸收利用率均明显下降。与KP0相比,配施PASP的各处理土壤氮钾养分含量及土壤酶活性均有不同程度提高,尤其是追施钾肥后50 d KP2处理的土壤速效钾含量增加最多,达192.44%,酸性磷酸酶和脲酶活性也分别提高20.04%和24.74%;KP2处理烟株钾素吸收量最大,比KP0提高96.52 kg·hm^(-2),土壤中钾素盈余下降60.30%;配施PASP处理的钾肥利用率大幅提高,并显著高于CK2,其中KP2处理的钾肥农学效率、偏生产力和当季回收利用率较KP0分别提高30.19%、16.64%和82.98%;KP2处理的烟叶产量最高,比KP0提高16.50%,烟叶钾含量则以KP1处理较高。因此,减钾条件下配施PASP可提高植烟土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性,降低土壤中钾素盈余,促进烤烟对钾素吸收利用,并提高烤后烟叶产量和钾含量。在本试验条件下,以配施5%PASP的效果较好。
To investigate the synergistic effect of polyaspartic acid(PASP)applying under the condition of potassium fertilizer reduction,by taking potassium applying at a conventional application rate as the control(CK2),the effects of potassium reduction combined with supplement of polyaspartic acid on tobacco-planting soil and potassium absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco were studied at four PASP application rates,namely 0(KP0),2.5%(KP1),5%(KP2)and 7.5%(KP3)while reducing potassium fertilizer by 10%.The results showed that,compared with CK2,soil nutrient contents(mass fractions),soil enzyme activity and potassium absorption and utilization rate in the treatment KP0decreased significantly.Compared with KP0,the nitrogen and potassium contents and enzyme activities of soil in the treatments KP1,KP2 and KP3 were promoted to different extents.In the treatment KP2,the available potassium content in soil increased by 192.44%and the activities of acid phosphatase and urease increased by 20.04%and 24.74%respectively on the 50th day after the supplement application of potassium fertilizer.The potassium absorption amount of tobacco plant was the largest in the treatment KP2,which was 96.52 kg·hm^(-2),higher than the treatment KP0.Soil potassium surplus in the treatment KP2 decreased by 60.30%compared with the treatment KP0.The utilization rate of potassium fertilizer combined with PASP increased greatly and was significantly higher than that of CK2.Compared with the treatment KP0,the agronomic efficiency,partial productivity and current seasonal recycling rate of potassium in the treatment KP2 raised by 30.19%,16.64%and 82.98%respectively.The potassium content in tobacco leaves was higher in the treatment KP1.In conclusion,potassium reduction combined with PASP application can promote the nutrient content and enzyme activity of tobacco-planting soil,decrease soil potassium surplus,improve the potassium absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco and raise the yield and potassium content of cured leaves.Under the condition of this experiment,the effect of supplement application with 5%PASP was better.
作者
李淮源
杜晓辉
袁长才
周诚
杨启航
陈建军
甘在德
周权堃
徐玮
邓世媛
LI Huaiyuan;DU Xiaohui;YUAN Changcai;ZHOU Cheng;YANG Qihang;CHEN Jianjun;GAN Zaide;ZHOU Quankun;XU Wei;DENG Shiyuan(Basic Experiment and Practice Training Center,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Tobacco Research Laboratory,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Yongzhou Branch of Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company,Yongzhou 425000,Hunan,China;Shenzhen Tobacco Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518109,Guangdong,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)
出处
《烟草科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期1-10,共10页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
深圳烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目“提高湖南永州上部烟叶可用性的关键技术集成与示范”(202044030034C004)
湖南省烟草公司永州市公司科技项目“基于‘双喜·好日子’品牌需求的新田烟叶质量提升技术研究与应用”(2021431100240116)。
关键词
烤烟
植烟土壤
聚天门冬氨酸(PASP)
钾素
吸收利用
Flue-cured tobacco
Tobacco-planting soil
Polyaspartic acid(PASP)
Potassium
Absorption and utilization
作者简介
第一作者:李淮源(1989-),男,硕士,实验师,从事烟草栽培生理研究。E-mail:leehy@scau.edu.cn;通信作者:邓世媛(1975-),女,博士、副教授,硕士生导师,从事烟草栽培生理及品质调控研究。E-mail:yydsy@scau.edu.cn。
