摘要
三星堆遗址祭祀区三号坑遗物埋藏层出土1件神树纹玉琮(K3qw∶236),其平面位置靠近三号坑南壁,紧邻青铜顶尊跪坐人像。玉琮材质为透闪石―阳起石玉,整体呈较规整的方柱体,中有周正的圆孔,器表无节槽,有线刻纹饰,刻痕甚浅。玉琮四面均饰弦纹与窃曲纹条带,其中相对的两面各线刻一株神树,形象与三星堆出土青铜神树有颇多近似之处。其原先应为一件素面玉琮,在经历一段时间的流传、磨损后,才被刻上纹饰。器物形制与齐家文化玉琮高度相似,无疑是受甘青地区文化影响的产物,甚至不能排除这件器物原本为齐家文化产品的可能。神树纹饰具有鲜明的三星堆文化特征,雕刻线条却又略显潦草,或说明玉琮在三星堆文化中尚未被视作礼器。
A jade cong with sacred tree patterns(K3qw∶236)was unearthed from the burial layer of sacrificial pit No.3 at the Sanxingdui site.It was deposited close to the south wall of pit No.3,next to the bronze kneeling statue holding a zun vessel on its head.Made of tremoliteactinolite,it is a relatively neat square column with a circular hole in the middle.There are no grooves but some engraved decorations on its surface,the depth of which is very shallow.Each outer side of the cong is adorned with string patterns and Qiequ patterns(curved and hooked forms arranged in broad band,which is derived from animal patterns),while on two opposite sides a sacred tree is engraved,which are quite similar to the bronze tree unearthed from Sanxingdui site before.It is supposed that the jade cong was originally a plain one,and it was engraved with ornamentation after a period of circulation and abrasion.As the shape of the jade cong is highly similar to those from the Qijia Culture,it is undoubtedly a product influenced by the culture of Gansu and Qinghai regions,and the possibility that this artifact was originally a product of the Qijia Culture cannot even be ruled out.The sacred tree patterns on the jade cong have distinct characteristics of the Sanxingdui Culture,but the lines are somewhat roughly engraved,which shows that jade cong might not be regarded as a ritual vessel in the Sanxingdui Culture.
出处
《四川文物》
北大核心
2023年第1期99-106,F0003,共9页
Sichuan Cultural Relics
关键词
三星堆遗址
祭祀区
玉琮
神树
齐家文化
Sanxingdui site
Sacrificial area
Jade cong
Sacred tree
Qijia Culture
作者简介
发掘:冉宏林、徐斐宏、杨镇、乔钢、张童心、郑璐璐、祛晓萌、韩长君、张顺利、夏才艺、黄砾苇、谷欢欢、胡攀蓉、廖述雯、许丹阳、段家义;检测:蔡秋彤、郑璐璐。
