行政协议无效裁判准用《民法典》规范及其修正——基于行政征收协议类案的考察被引量：4

On the Application and Amendments of Civil Code Rules in Deciding Administrative Agreement Invalid or Not——Based on the Investigation of Similar Administrative Collection Agreement Cases

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摘要行政协议无效裁判准用《民法典》规范,需要从主体权限瑕疵、意思表示瑕疵、违反强制性规定和违背公序良俗等不同维度进行具体分析,在行政性与协议性之间进行修正性司法认定。就主体权限瑕疵而言,行政协议无效认定需要适应《民法典》相关条款的变化,裁判理由、裁判结果不同会影响适用模式的选择;就意思表示瑕疵而言,《民法典》实施后以欺诈、胁迫、重大误解导致的意思表示瑕疵因素认定行政协议无效将不复存在,“虚假的意思表示”和“恶意串通”条款准用频率偏低;就违反强制性规定而言,行政协议无效认定不再囿于法律规范的层级,但行政强制性规定效力区分之“二分法”依然需要考量,对违反强制性规定是否需要满足“重大且明显违法”条件需要进行双阶区分;就违背公序良俗而言,行政协议无效认定需要正确处理“公序良俗”条款与“强制性规定”条款准用序位关系,需要注重类案归纳基础上的类型化与司法“不成文规则”生成。在类案考察基础上的微观进路分析之后,未来行政协议裁判准用《民法典》规范之发展趋势清晰可见。 Applying the Civil Code rules on invalid administrative agreement should analyze from different dimensions such as subject defect, expressed intention defect, breach of mandatory regulation and public order and good customs, and carry out a revised judicial decision between administration and agreement. In terms of subject authority defect, to decide the invalidation of administrative agreements should adapt to the changes of the relevant provisions of the Civil Code, and different judicial reasons and results determine the choices of application modes. In terms of expressed intention defect, after the implementation of the Civil Code, deciding administrative agreements invalid according to expressed intention defect caused by the defects of fraud, coercion and major misunderstanding will not longer exist, and the application frequency of “false expression of intention” and “malicious collusion”clauses is relatively low. In terms of mandatory provisions violation, we are no longer confined to decide the effectiveness of administrative agreement in thinking about the hierarchy of legal rules, but we should think about “dichotomy” of the effectiveness of administrative mandatory provisions and the double-order distinction about whether meeting the “major and obvious illegal” condition is required. In terms of the violation of public order and good customs, we should correctly deal with the order of applying the “public order and good customs” clause and the “mandatory provisions” clause and pay attention to summarize the type and judicial “unwritten rules” on the basis of class case induction.After the analysis of the micro approach based on the investigation of similar cases, the trend of applying Civil Code rules to decide administrative agreements is increasingly obvious.

作者徐钝 XU Dun(Jiangnan University School of Law,Wuxi 214122)

机构地区江南大学法学院

出处《行政法学研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第6期115-125,共11页 ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基金 2020年度江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“行政协议裁判准用《民法典》规范的原理与方法研究”(项目编号:20FXB008)。

关键词行政协议无效《民法典》规范准用修正类案考察 Invalidation of Administrative Agreement The Civil Code Rules Application Amendments The Investigation of Similar Cases

分类号 D923 [政治法律—民商法学]

作者简介徐钝,副教授。