摘要
伦理审查是专利授权审查的重要环节,旨在克服技术伦理问题向专利审查活动延伸并由专利授权而向市场乃至社会范围扩展的现实挑战。新技术的不断涌现,使大量饱含伦理争议的技术成果进入专利授权审查流程,因而强化专利申请伦理审查的实践诉求也随之日益凸显。但在高新技术产业的利益驱动下,却出现了与之相反的“伦理最小化”思潮,使专利授权伦理审查日渐式微,甚至流于形式,不仅专利授权的公序良俗要求不被重视,专利授权的伦理例外规则也被一再突破。对此,应立足现实需要,结合社会公众的意见反馈,并通过专利授权伦理审查机制的精细化设计与规范化运作予以化解,既要在内容层面上推进伦理原则的具体化和例外标准的动态化,还要在程序层面上实现伦理审查顺位的明确化、标准的体系化与机构的专门化。
Ethical examination is an important part of patent authorization.Its purpose is to overcome the practical challenges that come from technical ethical problems and expand to market and even social scope through patent authorization.The constant emergence of new technologies makes a large number of technical achievements that are full of ethical disputes enter the process of patent examination.Meanwhile,the practical necessity to strengthen the ethical examination for patent application is also increasingly prominent.However,driven by the interests of high-tech industry,there exists a trend of"ethics minimization"in patent examination,which makes ethical examination of patent application be ignored,even a mere formality.Not only the requirements regarding"public order and good custom"in patent authorization are neglected,but also ethical exception regulations in patent authorization are broken through again and again.Therefore,these challenges should be solved through the refined design and standardized operation of ethical examination mechanism of patent authorization based on actual needs and public feedbacks.It is necessary to promote the concretion of ethical principles and the dynamic of exception standards on the content level and to realize the clarity of the order of ethical examination,the systematization of ethical indicators and the specialization of examination institutions on the procedural level.
出处
《法学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期89-100,共12页
Law Review
基金
中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费青年教师创新项目“科技自立自强战略背景下人工智能知识产权法治保障体系研究”(项目编号:2722023BQ069)的阶段性成果
关键词
专利授权
伦理审查
伦理最小化
公序良俗
伦理例外
Patent Authorization
Ethical Examination
Ethics Minimization
Public Order and Good Custom
Ethical Exception
作者简介
刘鑫,中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心专职研究员。
