摘要
目的采用数理分析方法识别寒热并用型感冒中成药,并进行组方和功效特征分析,为中成药处方审核和合理用药提供参考。方法筛选出国家医保目录、基药目录中所有解表剂,以及“药智网”中功能主治含有“解表”“外感”“感冒”“上呼吸道感染”及其等价概念的感冒类中成药。数据清洗后,借鉴中药药性理论研究中关于复方寒热之性的相关方法,拟订“三分运算法”和“君臣药性法”两种数学方法,设定阈值区间,计算寻找寒热并用型中成药。以两种计算结果的交集作为最终遴选药品,分析组方和功效特征。结果筛选得到感冒类中成药180种,通过“三分运算法”得到寒热并用型感冒类中成药43个,通过“君臣药性法”得到寒热并用型感冒类中成药72个,两者交集为29个,包括感冒清热颗粒、桑姜感冒片、芎菊上清丸、小柴胡颗粒、防风通圣丸等。这些中成药大多含有荆芥-薄荷、桑叶-紫苏等寒热并用的配伍组合,其说明书功效表述上也存在不明示寒热属性,或同时标有“散寒”和“清热”的两者兼顾特点。结论感冒类中成药里存在较多的寒热并用品种,可用于寒热夹杂型、寒包火型复杂感冒,应在单纯的辛温解表和辛凉解表之外,另设亚类予以管理。在中成药处方审核时,应对寒热并用型感冒中成药的适应证、药品遴选、联合用药等事项予以特殊对待,设置特定规则。
Objective To use mathematical analysis to identify Chinese medicine for cold,whose compositions contain both cooling and warming property,and to analyze formulation and efficacy to provide reference for the prescription review of Chinese patent medicine and rational drugs use.Methods We selected all the diaphoretic recipes from the National Medical Insurance Catalogue(2021)and National Essential Drugs Catalogue(2018).We also selected the Chinese patent medicines for cold which contained concepts such as symptoms of common cold,or upper respiratory tract infection from Yaozhi Database.After data cleaning,we learned from the relevant methods on the properties of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and proposed two mathematical methods,namely“Tripartite algorithm”and“monarch herb property method”.We set the threshold interval to find Chinese patent medicines with both cooling and warming property.The overlapping part of the two calculations was counted,and the formula and efficacy patterns were analyzed.Results We obtained 180 species Chinese patent medicine for cold:43 species via“Tripartite algorithm”,72 species by“monarch herb property method”,and 29 species overlapped:Ganmao Qingre granules,Sangjiang cold tablets,Qiongju Shangqing pill,Xiaochaihu granules,Fangfeng Tongshen pill,etc.Most of these Chinese patent medicines included Fineleaf Schizonepeta Herb-Mentha haplocalyx Briq,mulberry leaf-Perilla and other cooling-warming drug combinations,and the instructions did not clearly state both properties,or both marked“scatter cold”and“clear heat”characteristics.Conclusion Chinese patent medicines with both cooling and warming property should be distinguished from other medicines,and managed as subcategory.In the prescription review of such Chinese patent medicines with cooling and warming property,we should establish different rules for indications,drug selection,combination medication and others.
作者
杨寿圆
杨彦彪
金锐
YANG Shou-yuan;YANG Yan-biao;JIN Rui(The First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou,Lanzhou 730050;Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100091)
出处
《中南药学》
CAS
2022年第9期2023-2028,共6页
Central South Pharmacy
基金
首都卫生发展科研专项(No.首发2020-2-2081)。
关键词
感冒
中成药
寒热并用
处方审核
药性
数学分析
common cold
Chinese patent medicine
drug use with cooling and warming property
prescription review
herb property
mathematical analysis
作者简介
杨寿圆,女,主管中药师,主要从事中药临床药学工作,email:shouyuanyang@163.com;通信作者:金锐,男,中药学博士,中国中医科学院西苑医院药学部副主任药师,临床中药师,信息药师。具有中西药联合培养教育背景,中华中医药学会医院药学专业委员会青年委员、中国科协科普专家、《中南药学》青年编委。主要从事中药临床药学和中医药基本理论的研究,主持省部级课题1项,市级课题2项,以第一作者发表学术文章50余篇,SIC收录1篇,主笔专家共识4个,主编学术专著2部和科普专著3部。率先在国内开展中药处方合理性评价标准的探索研究,形成了系列成果,率先在国内开展“汤液经法图”的科学研究,阐明了中医组方配伍的五味补泻原理。运营公众号“小金药师说药事”,原创科普文章700余篇,2019年人民日报社获选“荣耀医者”科普影响力十大人物。,email:jinrui9862@126.com。
