摘要
脱贫攻坚战全面胜利后,要实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接,必须守住防止规模性返贫底线。以湖北省恩施州18个乡村旅游村为案例地,识别农户面临的各类潜在返贫风险,构建返贫风险评估指标体系,利用入户问卷调查获取数据,采用加权求和指数法评估农户的总体及不同维度返贫风险,并利用方差分析进一步对比不同类型农户的内部差异。结果表明,恩施州乡村旅游地农户面临的潜在返贫风险包括自然、消费、教育、收入和健康5个维度;农户总体返贫风险指数为16.737,处于较低水平。不同风险的威胁程度不尽相同,其中收入风险相对较高,为4.682,教育和自然风险次之,消费和健康风险相对较低,分别为2.614和2.230。不同类型农户返贫风险也存在显著差异,相较于非旅游生计策略农户,旅游生计策略农户总体返贫风险更高,而务农主导型农户的自然风险、补贴依赖型农户的健康风险更高。因此,为“后精准扶贫”时期恩施州乡村旅游地巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,阻断农户返贫风险,提出设立巩固脱贫成果专项资金,因户制宜制定帮扶措施;完善技能培训体系,提升农户非农就业能力;持续推进乡风文明建设,树立理性消费理念的建议。
After the comprehensive victory in the battle against poverty,it is crucial to prevent people from large scale returning to poverty for consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and turning to rural revitalization.Taking 18 rural tourism sites in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei Province (hereinafter referred to as Enshi) as the research areas,this study identified various potential poverty-returning risks (PRR) that households are facing,and built a set of indicators to evaluate the PRR.Collecting data from questionnaires distributed to the households,this paper discussed the synthesized PRR and its dimensions facing the surveyed households by using a weighted sum index method,and analyzed the differences of households with different types of livelihood strategies in the synthesized PRR and its dimensions by using ANOVA.Results show that households in the rural tourism sites of Enshi are facing five types of potential PRR:natural risks,consumption risks,education risks,income risks and health risks.The synthesized PRR of the surveyed households as a whole is low (16.737),while income risks are relatively high (4.682),followed by education and natural risks,and consumption and health risks are lower (2.614,2.230).Different types of households are facing significantly different PRR,with tourism-involved households facing higher PRR than those households which are not involved in tourism,and agriculture-oriented households facing higher natural risks and subsidy-dependent households facing higher health risk.To consolidate the achievements of poverty-alleviation and to reduce the PRR in the period of “post poverty alleviation”,this paper proposes the following suggestions:setting up special fund to help households according to their real needs,improving skill training system to enhance households’ off-farm employment ability,and promoting rural civilization construction to raise the awareness of rational consumption.
作者
郭子钰
谢双玉
乔花芳
许建波
贾垚焱
GUO Zi-yu;XIE Shuang-yu;QIAO Hua-fang;XU Jian-bo;JIA Yao-yan(School of Urban and Environmental Science,and Wuhan Branch of China Tourism Academy,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China;Faculty of Culture Tourism,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China)
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期668-678,共11页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42001172)
重庆市教委人文社科项目(20SKSZ056)。
关键词
返贫风险
风险识别
风险评估
生计策略
乡村旅游地
恩施州
poverty-returning risk
risk identification
risk assessment
livelihood strategy
rural tourism site
Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
作者简介
郭子钰(1996-),男,广东广州人,硕士生,主要研究方向为旅游地理、区域旅游与环境,E-mail:947377272@qq.com;通信作者:谢双玉(1970-),女,湖北鹤峰人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为旅游地理、区域旅游与环境,E-mail:xieshuangyu@mail.ccnu.edu.cn。
