摘要
本文基于2012~2020年的省级面板数据,以细分行业就业占比为研究对象,以工业机器人渗透度为核心解释变量,实证分析了工业机器人应用对就业结构的影响,研究发现:工业机器人对制造业就业结构影响显著,导致传统制造业就业占比下降,但促进汽车与电气机械等行业的就业占比上升;工业机器人对服务业就业占比有显著的正向影响,生产性服务业和高端服务业就业占比上升;机制检验发现,生产率效应和人力资本效应扮演着中介角色,而产业结构效应的影响在不同行业存在差异。
Taking the employment proportion of manufacturing,service and each subdivision industry as the research object,we analyzes the impact of industrial robot application on China's employment structure changes systematically based on the data from 2012~2020,using expose to robot as core explanatory variables,the study finds that:industrial robots have a significant inhibitory effect on the overall employment level of manufacturing,among which the employment level of traditional manufacturing is most strongly impacted by industrial robots,and the employment ratio of automobile and electrical machinery industries increases with the increase of robots.Meanwhile,industrial robots have a significant positive impact on the proportion of employment in service industry,especially in producer service industry and high-end service industry.It is found that the productivity effect and human capital effect play an intermediary role in the process of industrial robots influencing the employment structure,the combined effect of industrial structure effect and industrial robots has a significant impact on the employment structure of manufacturing,but not on service.
作者
韩青江
Han Qingjiang(Institute of Economic and Social Developmentm,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economicsm,Nanchang 330013,China)
出处
《工业技术经济》
北大核心
2022年第7期50-58,共9页
Journal of Industrial Technological Economics
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“人工智能驱动现代产业体系优化升级研究:机制、效应与政策仿真”(项目编号:21YJC790041)
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目“新一代人工智能技术进步评估及对经济增长的影响研究”(项目编号:GJJ210514)
关键词
工业机器人
就业结构
产业结构
智能制造
中介效应
服务业
industrial robot
employment structure
industrial structure
intelligent manufacturing
the mediation effect
sevice industry
作者简介
韩青江,江西财经大学经济与社会发展研究院助理研究员,博士。研究方向:产业经济、宏观经济。
