摘要
立法目的条款是我国立法体例上的重要创制,《民法典》立法目的条款的理论关照与其司法适用现状严重不匹配。实证研究表明,《民法典》立法目的条款在司法适用中存在功能泛化、错用作裁判依据、形式主义援引等问题。这归根结底在于《民法典》立法目的条款功能的错位,具体包括立法目的条款与基本原则关系不清、立法目的条款中“弘扬社会主义核心价值观”与“保护民事主体的合法权益”两项具体内容的功能不明确。通过基本原则能够实现立法目的条款在实践中发挥的功能,立法目的条款也并非援用社会主义核心价值观进行释法说理的依据。因此,在《民法典》体系之下,立法目的条款的功能应当回归立法活动本身,由此可以将其重塑为审查习惯和依基本原则确立的“规则”两项法源和公法转介两项功能。
The legislative purpose clause is an important creation of China’s legislative system.The theoretical care of the legislative purpose clause in the Civil Code does not match the current situation of its judicial application.Empirical research shows that there are some problems in the judicial application of the legislative purpose clause of the civil code,such as generalization of function,misuse as the basis of judgment,formalism citation and so on.In the final analysis,this lies in the dislocation of the function of the legislative purpose clause of the civil code,including the unclear relationship between the legislative purpose clause and the basic principles,and the unclear function of the two specific contents of “promoting the socialist core values”and “protecting the legitimate rights and interests of civil subjects”in the legislative purpose clause. Through the basic principles,the function of the legislative purpose clause in practice can be realized,and the legislative purpose clause is not the basis for interpreting and reasoning by invoking the socialist core values.Therefore,under the system of the Civil Code,the function of the legislative purpose clause should return to the legislative activity itself,which can be reshaped into two functions,firstly,to review the two sources of law of custom and “rules ”established according to basic principles;secondly,to play the role of public law referral.
作者
冉克平
谭佐财
Ran Keping;Tan Zuocai
出处
《东岳论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期158-167,192,共11页
DongYue Tribune
基金
研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重点项目“优化市场化法治化国际化营商环境研究”(项目编号:21AZD030)。
作者简介
冉克平(1978-),男,博士,武汉大学法学院教授、博士生导师,研究方向:民商法;谭佐财(1996-),男,武汉大学法学院博士研究生,研究方向:民商法。
