摘要
试验旨在研究甜菜碱对黄羽肉鸡屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响。选用400只1日龄雌性黄羽肉鸡,随机分成5组,每组8个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加125、250、500、1 000 mg/kg甜菜碱。试验期74 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著降低皮下脂肪厚度和肌间脂肪宽度(线性,P<0.05),对屠宰率、全净膛率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著降低胸肌24和48 h滴水损失(线性与二次,P<0.05),且各试验组的胸肌24和48 h滴水损失显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著提高胸肌中不易流动水的峰面积比(线性,P<0.05),显著降低胸肌中不易流动水的出峰时间、自由水的出峰时间、结合水的峰面积和结合水的峰面积比(线性,P <0.05),且500、1 000 mg/kg甜菜碱添加组胸肌中自由水的出峰时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著提高胸肌粗脂肪含量(线性,P<0.05),且1 000 mg/kg甜菜碱添加组胸肌中粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著提高胸肌中蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和组氨酸含量(线性,P<0.05)。4)饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著提高胸肌中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量(线性,P<0.05),且500、1 000 mg/kg甜菜碱添加组胸肌中T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加甜菜碱能够降低黄羽肉鸡体脂沉积,增加胸肌中粗脂肪和氨基酸含量,提高胸肌系水力、不易流动水比例和抗氧化能力,最终改善肌肉品质。本试验中,以1 000 mg/kg甜菜碱添加组效果最好。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of betaine on slaughter performance and muscle quality of yellow feather broilers. A total of 400 one-day-old female yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 125,250,500 and 1 000 mg/kg betaine,respectively. The experiment lasted for 74 days. The results showed as follows:1)dietary betaine significantly decreased the subcutaneous fat thickness and intramuscular fat width(linear,P<0.05),but had no significant effects on the dressed percentage and percentage of eviscerated yield(P >0.05). 2)Dietary betaine significantly decreased the drip loss at 24 and 48 h in breast muscle(linear and quadratic,P<0.05),and the drip loss at 24 and 48 h in breast muscle group of experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). Dietary betaine significantly increased the peak area ratio of immobilized water in breast muscle(linear,P<0.05),significantly decreased the peak time of immobilized water,peak time of free water,peak area of bound water and peak area ratio of bound water in breast muscle(linear,P<0.05),and the peak time of free water in breast muscle of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg betaine supplementation groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). 3)Dietary betaine significantly increased the breast muscle ether extract content(linear,P<0.05),and the breast muscle ether extract content of 1 000 mg/kg supplementation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Dietary betaine significantly increased the contents of methionine,phenylalanine,tyrosine and histidine in breast muscle(linear,P<0.05). 4)Dietary betaine significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and glutathione(GSH)content in breast muscle(linear,P < 0. 05),and the breast muscle T-AOC of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg betaine supplementation groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). In conclusion,dietary betaine can reduce the body fat deposition,increase the content of ether extract and amino acids in breast muscle,enhance the water-holding capacity,immobilized water ratio and antioxidant capacity of breast muscle,ultimately improving the muscle quality of yellow feather broilers. In this experiment,the 1 000 mg/kg supplementation group has the best effect.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):897-907]
作者
宋宇朵
刘强
杨密
陈瑞
周岩民
周国波
杨文武
庄苏
SONG Yuduo;LIU Qiang;YANG Mi;CHEN Rui;ZHOU Yanmin;ZHOU Guobo;YANG Wenwu;ZHUANG Su(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Yixing Skystone Feed Co.,Ltd.,Yixing 214200,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期897-907,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
企业横向基金项目——甜菜碱对优质肉鸡生长性能及肌肉品质的影响研究(HM0041)。
关键词
甜菜碱
黄羽肉鸡
屠宰性能
肌肉品质
水分分布
抗氧化能力
betaine
yellow feather broilers
slaughter performance
muscle quality
moisture distribution
antioxidant capacity
作者简介
宋宇朵(1996-),女,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E⁃mail:2019105082@stu.njau.edu.cn;通信作者:庄苏,教授,博士生导师,E⁃mail:zhuangsu@njau.edu.cn。
