摘要
玉米是我国主要农作物之一,其产量占全国谷物总产量三分之一左右,在国民生活中发挥了重要作用。玉米生长过程中受多种病害侵扰,其中穗腐病是一种由真菌导致的常见病害,目前已鉴定出40余种可诱发玉米穗腐病的病原菌。穗腐病不仅可造成玉米产量损失也导致籽粒品质严重下降,病原微生物所产生次生毒素更是危及人畜安全。目前穗腐病防治以化学方法为主,但是因此所造成的种植成本增加和环境污染问题日益突出,选育抗性品种成为防控玉米穗腐病最经济和安全有效的方法。玉米穗腐病抗性属于典型数量性状,国内外已有多个研究组通过建立玉米穗腐病抗性研究体系,开展玉米群体大规模穗腐病抗性鉴定工作,并筛选出一批抗病材料,这为玉米穗腐病抗性遗传改良奠定了材料基础。利用数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位和全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)等方法在玉米1~10号染色体均检测到显著相关位点。尽管如此,玉米穗腐病抗性研究成果应用于生产的实例较少,生产上仍然缺乏综合性状优良且高抗穗腐病的玉米品种。这一方面是由于玉米穗腐病抗性遗传机制十分复杂、抗性基因克隆工作进展缓慢;另一方面为缺乏对玉米穗腐病抗性遗传研究进展进行系统总结,未有效开发分子标记用于分子育种所致。通过综述玉米穗腐病抗性遗传研究进展,汇总已定位QTL位点和显著关联SNP,构建一致性图谱和鉴定出定位热点区间,并进一步对比分析定位区间候选基因特征和转录组、代谢组研究进展,对促进玉米穗腐病抗性机制研究和玉米抗性育种均具有重要意义。
Maize is a major staple crop and its yield accounts for about one-third of the total cereal production in China. Maize development is affected by multiple diseases during its growth process, among which ear rot is caused by several fungal species. Up to now, more than 40 fungal species that can induce ear rot have been identified. Ear rot can not only cause the loss of maize yield, but also lead to the serious decline of grain quality, and the mycotoxins produced by fungi species have detrimental effects on animal and human health. Ear rot control is still mainly based on chemical approaches, but it increases the cost of maize production and the risk of environmental pollution, breeding of resistant varieties should be the most economical, safe and effective method. Maize resistance to ear rot is a typical quantitative trait, research systems grading this trait have been established, and multiple maize varieties with high resistance to ear rot were isolated, which provided valuable material basis for genetic improvement of maize resistance to ear rot. Quantitative trait locus(QTL) mapping and genome-wide association study(GWAS) showed that maize resistance to ear rot related QTLs distribute throughout the maize 10 chromosomes. However, few QTLs were applied to molecular breeding through marker-assisted-selection. This is possibly caused by the complexity of genetic architecture of maize resistance to ear rot, the difficulty of cloning of resistance genes, and the lack of systematic summary of the genetic research progress. In this study, we reviewed the progress of genetic research on maize resistance to ear rot, constructed a consistent physical map based on the results from QTL mapping or GWAS, and identified the mapping hotspots. Meanwhile, a comparative analysis between the candidate genes within the hotspots and the transcriptomic and metabolomic data from previous study were also conducted. Our work will provide valuable data for deciphering the mechanism of maize resistance to ear rot and provide important genetic resource for maize resistance breeding.
作者
尹泽超
王晓芳
龙艳
董振营
万向元
YIN Ze-chao;WANG Xiao-fang;LONG Yan;DONG Zhen-ying;WAN Xiang-yuan(Research Center of Biology and Agriculture,Shunde Graduate School,School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences,Beijing 100192,China;Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding,Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding,Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100192,China)
出处
《中国生物工程杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期103-115,共13页
China Biotechnology
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(06500060)
国家“万人计划”科技创新领军人才特殊支持经费(201608)资助项目。
关键词
玉米
穗腐病
拟轮枝镰孢菌
定位热点区间
Maize
Ear rot
Fusarium verticilliodes
Genetic mapping hotspots
作者简介
通讯作者:董振营,电子信箱:zydong@ustb.edu.cn;通讯作者:万向元,电子信箱:wanxiangyuan@ustb.edu.cn。
