摘要
本文研究牛大力不同时期对营养元素的积累及需求规律,以期为牛大力施肥和规范化种植提供理论依据。采用凯氏定氮法和ICP法测定7~11月份(初花期、盛花期和谢花期)牛大力根部和叶片10种矿质元素的含量。结果表明不同时期牛大力的矿质元素在根中含量大小顺序为N>K>Ca>P>Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>B,叶片中为N>Ca>K>P>Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu,N、K及Ca 3种元素在牛大力植株体内含量最大,根部平均质量分数分别为13.41g/kg、5.90g/kg和3.68 g/kg,叶片中分别为7.88g/kg、5.33g/kg和6.15 g/kg;Ca元素在所有元素中变异系数最小,含量最稳定;根部和叶片中矿质元素含量在花期总体呈现下降的趋势;相关性分析得出不同元素间吸收存在促进或抑制的效应。从而得出结论:牛大力对N、K、Ca 3种元素积累量较大在生产过程中应适时增施N、K、Ca肥在基肥施用的基础上,当花期到来半个月之前(7月上旬)应适当追肥,防止养分的亏缺,并重视不同元素间吸收的相互影响盛花期应采取修剪枝条和疏花疏荚措施,以减少养分的消耗。
This study investigated the law of the accumulation and demand for nutrient elements in different periods of Millettia speciosa Champ,providing a the oretical basis for Millettia speciosa Champ fertilizing and standardized planting.The Kjeldahl method and ICP method were used to determine the contents of 10 mineral elements in the roots and leaves of Millettia speciosa Champ from July to November at the initial flowering,full flowering and declining flowering period.The results showed that the contents of mineral elements in the roots of Millettia speciosa Champ at different periods was in the order of N>K>Ca>P>Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>B,and the leaves were N>Ca>K>P>Mg>Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu,the content of N,K,and Ca 3 elements are the largest in the Millettia speciosa Champ plant.The average mass fractions of roots are 13.41 g/kg,5.90 g/kg,3.68 g/kg,and the leaves are 7.88 g/kg,5.33 g/kg,and6.15 g/kg;Ca element has the smallest coefficient of variation among all elements,and the content is the most stable;The content of mineral elements in roots and leaves shows an overall downward trend during the different flowering periods;The correlation analysis showed that there is an effect of promoting or inhibiting absorption between different elements.It is concluded that Millettia speciosa Champ could accumulate large amounts for N,K,and Ca 3 elements,and N,K,and Ca fertilizers should be added at the right time during the production process;On the basis of basal fertilizer application,proper topdressing should be done half a month before the flowering period(early July)to prevent the nutrient deficiency,and attentions should be paid to the mutual influence for absorption of different elements;Pruning branches,thinning flowers and pods should be taken during the blooming period to reduce the nutrient consumption.
作者
李明松
李金玲
邓禄军
吴银发
罗蓉
王华磊
罗夫来
罗春丽
LI Ming-song;LI Jin-ling;DENG Lu-jun;WU Yin-fa;LUO Rong;WANG Hua-lei;LUO Fu-lai;LUO Chun-li(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Institute of Biotechnology,Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Breeding and Planting,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《特产研究》
2021年第6期78-82,89,共6页
Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research
基金
牛大力资源收集与创新利用(黔科合支撑〔2018〕2269)
贵州省药用植物繁育与种植人才基地(黔人领发〔2013〕15号)
贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL〔2017〕009)
贵州省作物学重点学科(黔学位合字ZDXK〔2014〕8号)。
关键词
牛大力
矿质元素
相关性
施肥
Millettia speciosa Champ
mineral element
correlation
Fertilize
作者简介
李明松(1996-),男,贵州遵义人,在读硕士研究生,从事药用植物栽培研究;通讯作者:李金玲,(1980-),女,博士,副教授,从事药用植物营养生理研究;通讯作者:邓禄军(1979-),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事根茎类作物资源评价与栽培技术研究。
