摘要
为掌握大采高工作面顶板破坏结构及矿压显现规律,计算分析了不同采高下顶板垮落规律并采用动载荷法确定支架的合理工作阻力。研究结果表明:大采高工作面基本顶悬顶面积增大,矿压显现明显;采高小且直接顶厚时,下位直接顶垮落后可充满采空区,上位直接顶破断并充当承载层,初次来压和周期来压时工作面矿压显现不明显;对比不同采高围岩塑性区分布规律,采高小,下位直接顶垮落充满采空区,上位直接顶不能承载上覆岩层质量弯曲下沉,在拉应力作用下屈服;采高增大至直接顶全部垮落充满采空区对基本顶形成支撑,基本顶形成承载结构,围岩破坏面较少;大采高开采时,基本顶悬顶面积增大造成工作面煤壁前方支承压力增大,直接顶破坏面较多;垮落带和裂隙带高度随采高增大几乎呈线性增长。根据对工作面支架工作阻力进行计算确定ZY15000/33/72D型液压支架符合现场工作面实际生产需求。
In order to master the roof failure structure and mine pressure development law of large mining height working face, the roof collapse laws of different mining heights are calculated and analyzed, and the reasonable working resistance of support is determined by dynamic load method. Principal results are as follows: the overhang area of the main roof of the large mining height face increases, and the mine pressure appears obviously;when the mining height is small and the direct roof is thick, the lower direct roof can fill the goaf after the collapse of the lower direct roof, while the upper direct roof is broken and acts as the bearing layer;the mine pressure on the working face is not obvious during the first and periodic pressure;by comparing the distribution law of plastic zone of surrounding rock with different mining heights, the lower direct roof caving is full of goaf and the upper direct roof cannot bear the weight of overlying strata bending and yielding under the action of tensile stress while the mining height is small;when the mining height increases to the point that all the caving of the direct roof is filled with goaf, the old roof forms a bearing structure, and the surrounding rock has fewer failure surfaces. In large mining height, the increase of the overhang area of the old roof causes the increase of abutment pressure in front of the coal wall of the working face, and there are many direct roof failure surfaces. The height of caving zone and fracture zone increased linearly with the increase of mining height;the ZY15000/33/72D hydraulic support was introduced to meet the production requirements according to the calculated working resistance of support.
作者
孟浩
MENG Hao(National Energy Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100011,China)
出处
《煤矿安全》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第10期177-182,189,共7页
Safety in Coal Mines
关键词
大采高
覆岩破坏
塑性区
顶板结构
支架阻力
large mining height
overburden failure
plastic zone
roof structure
working resistance of support
作者简介
孟浩(1989-),山东邹城人,博士,2018年毕业于中国矿业大学(北京),从事能源行业管理等方面的研究。
