摘要
对山东省聊城地区设施葡萄土壤状况进行调查,采集5区县30个大棚葡萄的土壤样本并测定其性状指标。结果表明:土壤pH值7.8~8.9,平均值8.5,呈碱性;土壤可溶性盐分含量高,中度盐化土样本数占总样本数的56.67%;土壤有机质含量0.62%~3.18%,含量中等的样本数占43.34%;碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量高,含量较高的样本数分别占46.67%、73.33%、83.33%;有效铁含量较适宜,含量适宜样本数占60%;有效锌含量较高,含量较高样本数占66.67%;有效硼含量较低,含量较低样本数占63.33%;交换性钙、镁含量分别在1000~3000 mg/kg和100~500 mg/kg范围。灌溉用水源pH值7.3~8.2,水溶性盐含量高于1 g/L。建议采用石膏、硫磺等碱性土壤改良剂改善土壤碱性环境;控制磷、钾肥,增施生物有机肥和硼肥;种植抗盐碱葡萄品种或采用抗性砧木栽培;选择水溶性盐含量低于1 g/L的灌溉用水。
To investigate soil conditions of grapes in protected culture in Liaocheng of Shandong Province,30 greenhouses grape soil samples were collected from 5 districts and counties,and their character indexes were determined.The results showed that the soil presented an alkaline nature,with the pH values ranging from 7.8 to 8.9 and averaging 8.5.The soil contents of soluble salts were relatively high,with salinized soil accounting for 56.67%of total samples.The content of organic matter in soil ranged from 0.62%to 3.18%,and samples with a middle level content of organic matter accounted for 43.34%of all samples.The contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium were also relatively high in soil,with high-level samples accounting for 46.67%,73.33%and 83.33%of total samples,respectively.The content of available Fe in soil was moderate,with the number of moderate-level samples accounting for 60%.The content of available Zn in soil was relatively high,with the number of high-level samples accounting for 66.67%,and the content of available B was relatively low,with the number of low-level samples accounting for 63.33%.Contents of exchangeable Ca and Mg in soil were concentrated in ranges of 1000~3000 mg/kg and 100~500 mg/kg,respectively.In order to improve the above problems,it is suggested to use low salt irrigation water(water-soluble salt content<1 g/L)and the alkaline soil ameliorants such as gypsum and sulfur used to improve the alkaline soil environment.Control phosphorus and potash fertilizer,increase the application of biological organic fertilizer and boron fertilizer,plant salt-resistant grape varieties or adopt resistant rootstocks.
作者
杨阳
彭杰
高欢欢
刘利
吴新颖
YANG Yang;PENG Jie;GAO Huanhuan;LIU Li;WU Xinying(Shandong Academy of Grape/Shandong Engineering Research Center for Grape Cultivation and Deep-processing,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China;Liaocheng Dongchangfu District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Liaocheng,Shandong 252000,China)
出处
《落叶果树》
2021年第5期12-15,共4页
Deciduous Fruits
基金
山东省现代农业产业体系创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-06-21)。
关键词
山东聊城
设施葡萄
土壤状况
建议
Liaocheng
grapes in protected culture
soil nutrients
soil problems
作者简介
杨阳(1982-),女,黑龙江拜泉人,农艺师,从事葡萄栽培、葡萄营养生理研究工作,E-mail:feixiang0507@126.com;通讯作者:吴新颖(1976-),女,吉林敦化人,高级农艺师,从事葡萄品种与栽培、病虫害研究工作,E-mail:echomoon0622@163.com。
