摘要
【目的】为推动河南省境内流域生态环境保护和高质量发展,准确掌握河南省境内区县和水系在四大流域中的分布情况。【方法】基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据,利用ArcGIS扩展模块ArcHydro Tools提取流域的边界和水系,获得了长江、黄河、淮河、海河四大流域在河南省境内的边界线、5级河流和涉及区县分布图。【结果】河南省境内流域面积最大的是淮河流域(占全省面积的52.70%,涉及的区县最多),其次是黄河流域(21.62%)、长江流域(16.50%)、海河流域(9.18%)。其中,黄河流域涉及的区县,还包括流域外的区县:郑州市的荥阳市、惠济区和金水区,开封市的龙亭区、祥符区和兰考县,因为其位于黄河岸边,虽然根据流域性质它们属于淮河流域,但却是影响黄河和受黄河影响较大的区县;河网密度最大的是长江流域(0.36 km/km^(2)),依次是黄河流域(豫西)(0.30 km/km^(2))、淮河流域(0.27 km/km^(2))、海河流域(0.20 km/km^(2)),河网密度最小的是黄河流域(豫北)(0.15 km/km^(2)),高低顺序与流域水系分布特征完全吻合。【结论】利用ArcHydro Tools提取省级行政区境内流域的边界和水系切实可行,是行之有效的方法。
【Objective】Identifying catchments and their hydrological boundaries in a river basin is important for improving water resource management and protecting its eco-environmental development.Taking the four rivers flowing through Henan province as an example,this paper calculated the catchments and their associated areas in each basin across the province.【Method】The four rivers we considered were the Yangtze River,the Yellow River,the Huai River and the Hai River;their catchment identification was based on the digital elevation model(DEM)data,where each catchment and its hydrological boundaries,streams at different levels,as well as counties in each basin were identified and calculated using ArcHydro in ArcGIS extension module.【Result】In terms of covered area,the biggest basin in the province is the Huai River,covering 52.70%of the provincial area,followed by the Yellow River with 21.62%,the Yangtze River with 16.50%,and the Hai River with 9.18%.In terms of areas being affected,the Yellow River impacted more places including Xingyang,Huiji and Jinshui District in Zhengzhou,Longting District,Xiangfu and Lankao County in Kaifeng,although some of them are not within its hydrological catchments.In terms of river network,the Yangtze River basin is most dense with a river-length density of 0.36 km/km^(2),followed by the Yellow River basin with 0.30 km/km^(2),the Huai River basin with 0.27 km/km^(2),and the Hai River basin with 0.20 km/km^(2).Spatially,river network is least dense in the north of the Yellow River,with a density of 0.15 km/km^(2)only.【Conclusion】ArcHydro in ArcGIS is accurate to extract catchment boundaries and the river network system in a basin,and it can be used for regional analysis of land usage or water resource management.
作者
徐海军
魏义长
许澍
LEGHARI Shah Jahan
王同朝
XU Haijun;WEI Yichang;XU Shu;LEGHARI Shah Jahan;WANG Tongchao(College of Surveying and Geo-informatics,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期125-132,共8页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301102-5)
河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(20A420003)。
作者简介
徐海军(1981-),男。讲师,主要从事空间数据分析、灾害形变监测研究与教学工作。E-mail:xhj0371@163.com;通信作者:魏义长(1967-),男。教授,主要从事水土资源精准管理与高效利用研究与教学工作。E-mail:weiyichang@ncwu.edu.cn。
