摘要
为提高黑土土壤地力,对玉米秸秆还田和耕作方式进行筛选研究。以位于吉林省公主岭市的不同耕作方式试验为基础,设置3个秸秆还田耕作方式处理:秸秆粉碎深翻还田(CK),玉米高留茬宽窄行栽培+秸秆覆盖+快速腐解菌剂处理(KZF),秸秆粉碎深翻+快速腐解剂(SF)。利用Biolog生态板法,测定黑土玉米田土壤微生物功能多样性对不同耕作方式的响应。结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,不同耕作方式的AWCD值均显著增大。培养期内,AWCD的变化顺序为:KZF>SF>CK。培养144 h,KZF和SF处理的AWCD值显著高于对照CK。不同耕作方式之间多样性指数H、优势度指数D和均匀度指数E均未表现出显著差异。主成分分析表明,耕作方式显著影响了土壤微生物利用碳源的能力。碳水类、氨基酸类和羧酸类是研究区微生物利用的主要碳源。玉米高留茬宽窄行栽培+秸秆覆盖+快速腐解菌剂处理(KZF)和秸秆粉碎深翻+快速腐解剂(SF)有利于提高土壤微生物活性。
To improve the soil fertility of black soil, maize straw returning and tillage patterns were selected and investigated. This study was based on the experiment of different tillage patterns in Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province, three straw returning tillage patterns were set up: straw chopping and returning to the field and ploughing(CK), stubble height returning to field, the alternately planting of broad line and narrow line + straw mulching + rapid straw decomposition maturing agent(KZF), straw chopping and returning to the field and ploughing + rapid straw decomposition maturing agent(SF). Biolog ECO-plate methods were used to analyze the response of soil microbial functional diversity to different tillage patterns in maize field of black soil. The results indicated that the average well color development(AWCD) values of different tillage patterns increased significantly with the extension of culture time. During the cultivation period, the change of AWCD values was as follows: KZF>SF>CK. After 144 hours of culture, the AWCD values of KZF and SF were significantly higher than that of CK. There was no significant difference in Shannon index(H), Dominance index(D) and Shannon evenness index(E) among different tillage patterns. The principal component analysis showed that tillage patterns significantly affected the ability of soil microorganisms to utilize carbon sources. Carbohydrates,amino acids and carboxylic acids were the main carbon source utilized by the microbial communities. The treatments of stubble height returning to field, the alternately planting of broad line and narrow line + straw mulching + rapid straw decomposition maturing agent(KZF) and straw chopping and returning to the field and ploughing + rapid straw decomposition maturing agent(SF) improved the activity and functional diversity of the soil microbial community.
作者
高晶晶
刘红梅
杨殿林
李睿颖
朱平
高洪军
李静
张秀芝
彭畅
Gao Jingjing;Liu Hongmei;Yang Dianlin;Li Ruiying;Zhu Ping;Gao Hongjun;Li Jing;Zhang Xiuzhi;Peng Chang(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2021年第3期98-104,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“秸秆基质化关键技术研究与产品研发”(2018YFD0800905-3)。
关键词
耕作方式
玉米连作
微生物功能多样性
BIOLOG
碳源利用
tillage pattern
continuous cropping of corn
microbial community functional diversity
Biolog
carbon source utilization
作者简介
第一作者:高晶晶,女,1992年出生,吉林四平人,助理工程师,本科,主要从事生物多样性与生态农业研究。通信地址:300191天津市南开区复康路31号农业农村部环境保护科研监测所。Tel:022-23611802,E-mail:1423628523@qq.com;通讯作者:刘红梅,女,1976年出生,河北沧州人,副研究员,博士研究生,主要从事生物多样性与生态农业研究。通信地址:300191天津市南开区复康路31号农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,Tel:022-23611802,E-mail:liuhongmei@caas.cn;朱平,男,1962年出生,辽宁熊岳人,研究员,本科,主要从事土壤改良及作物高产栽培科研工作。通信地址:130033吉林省长春市生态大街1363号吉林省农业科学院。Tel:0431-87063185,E-mail:zhuping1962@sohu.com。
