摘要
旨在针对黄淮海北部小麦-玉米一年两熟区的气候特点,进行低温秸秆降解真菌的筛选及其应用效果研究。以纤维素钠-刚果红培养基、秸秆液体培养基为筛选培养基,在16℃培养温度下进行秸秆降解真菌的筛选;采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法进行菌株鉴定;用沙袋法和田间小区试验法测定菌株的秸秆降解能力。筛选获得一株低温秸秆降解真菌SDF-31,该菌株为长枝木霉(Trichoderma longibrachiatum)。该菌株接种15天时和45天时的秸秆降解率分别为43.89%和56.73%,显著高于常温秸秆降解菌剂和空白对照。SDF-31处理的秸秆原有纤维结构高度破环、产生大量纤维碎片,且土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等指标都显著高于常温降解菌剂和空白对照,其中速效钾和碱解氮的含量分别比常温秸秆降解菌剂提高17.00%和5.12%,比空白对照分别提高25.53%和15.09%。筛选获得一株具有低温秸秆降解作用的长枝木霉(T.longibrachiatum)SDF-31,为黄淮海北部秋冬季节玉米秸秆还田提供菌株资源。
The aim of this study is to screen the fungi with straw degradation characterization at low temperature and to determine the application effect of these strains in the wheat-maize double cropping areas of northern Huanghuaihai.Straw degradation fungi were screened by Cellulose sodium-Congo red medium and liquid straw medium at 16℃.Morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify the strains.Sandbag method and field plot test were used to determine the straw degradation ability of the strains.A low temperature straw degradation fungus named as SDF-31 was screened and identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum.The degradation rate of this strain was 43.89%and 56.73%respectively at 15 and 45 days after inoculation,significantly higher than that of the normal temperature inoculants and control.The original fiber structure of straw treated by SDF-31 was highly broken and a large number of fiber fragments were produced.Total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium of treatment SDF-31 were significantly higher than those of normal temperature inoculants and control.The content of available potassium and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen of treatment SDF-31 were 17.00%and 5.12%higher than that of normal temperature inoculants,25.53%and 15.09%higher than that of control respectively.A strain of T.longibrachiatum SDF-31 with low temperature straw degradation is screened,and the research provides strain resources for straw returning at autumn and winter in northern Huanghuaihai.
作者
黄亚丽
黄媛媛
马慧媛
徐炳雪
贾振华
宋水山
李再兴
贾素巧
Huang Yali;Huang YuanYuan;Ma Huiyuan;Xu Bingxue;Jia Zhenhua;Song Shuishan;Li Zaixing;Jia Suqiao(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018;Institute of Biology Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081;Hebei Women's Vocational College,Shijiazhuang 050091)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第21期53-60,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划“黄淮海北部小麦-玉米农田耕层调理与土壤肥力提高关键技术”(2017YFD0300905)
关键词
玉米秸秆
低温
秸秆降解真菌
秸秆降解率
长枝木霉
corn straw
low temperature
straw degradation fungi
straw degradation rate
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
作者简介
第一作者简介:黄亚丽,女,1975年出生,河北肃宁人,研究员,博士,研究方向:主要从事微生物与生物有机肥研究。通信地址:050018石家庄市裕翔街26号河北科技大学环境科学与工程,Tel:0311-83014618,E-mail:huangyali2291@163.com。;通讯作者:贾素巧,女,1974年出生,河北邢台人,讲师,硕士,研究方向:微生物学。通信地址:050091石家庄市桥西区汇文街16号河北女子职业技术学院,Tel:0311-89167689,Email:jsqxxbb@163.com。
