摘要
创业对城市经济增长与社会发展具有重要的推动作用,如何提升城市的创业质量日益受到学界和政界的关注。现有研究侧重单个因素对创业质量的净效应研究,而较少关注多重因素对创业质量的协同效应。基于创业生态系统理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,以中国38个代表性城市为样本,试图分析多重因素构成的创业生态影响中国城市创业质量的复杂因果机制。结果发现:(1)市场规模、人力资本、金融资本、硬件设施、互联网和政府规模,均不是产生城市高创业质量的必要条件;(2)存在3条驱动城市高创业质量的路径:智力—资金—政府驱动型、资金—网络驱动型和网络—政府驱动型;(3)存在3条驱动城市非高创业质量的路径:市场—网络抑制型、资金—网络抑制型和市场—智力抑制型。
Given the important role of entrepreneurship in promoting urban economic growth,how to improve urban entrepreneurial quality has been attracting great attention from policymakers and researchers.The extant studies mainly consider the isolated impact of a single factor on entrepreneurial quality.However,entrepreneurship is a complex phenomenon,which is affected by multiple factors,and different combinations of various factors may lead to the same outcome.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the configurational effect of multiple factors on entrepreneurial quality from a holistic perspective.The theory of entrepreneurial ecosystem regards various factors that affect entrepreneurial quality as the elements of the system,and advocates to pay attention to their synergistic influence.However,there is a mismatch between the methods and the theory as traditional statistical methods are primarily designed to investigate the net effect of a single factor on the focal outcome but not the configurational effect of multiple factors.The qualitative comparative analysis method can effectively overcome the limitations of conventional methods and reveal the equivalent pathways that lead to the same outcome.This method is especially suitable for studying the configurational effect of various elements of entrepreneurial ecosystem on entrepreneurial quality.Thus,using data of 38 cities in China,this paper explores the complex causation of various components of entrepreneurial ecosystem on urban entrepreneurial quality by employing the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method.The findings of this paper indicate that:(1)none of market size,human capital,financial capital,hardware infrastructure,internet and government size alone could constitute the necessary condition for high entrepreneurial quality.(2)the driving mechanism of high entrepreneurial quality is divided into three pathways:intelligence-capital-government dominant path consisting of sufficient human capital,financial capital and good institutional environment,capital-internet dominant path consisting of sufficient financial capital and convenient network environment,and internet-government dominant path consisting of convenient network and loose institutional environment.(3)the driving mechanism of not-high entrepreneurial quality in cities is divided into three pathways:market-internet restrictive path consisting of small market size and poor internet,capital-internet restrictive path consisting of insufficient financial capital and inconvenient internet,and capital-intelligence restrictive path consisting of small market size and inadequate human capital.This paper has several theoretical contributions.First,we propose an integrated analysis framework for studying urban entrepreneurial quality,which provides a theoretical foundation for empirical analysis of the configurational effect of multiple factors of entrepreneurial ecosystem on urban entrepreneurial quality.Second,this paper helps to discover the interdependence of multiple factors in the theory of entrepreneurial ecosystem on the focal outcome,and expand the application of the theory in explaining the causal complexity.Finally,this paper introduces the qualitative comparative analysis method into the study of urban entrepreneurial quality,which is helpful to deepen the understanding of the configurational effect of multiple factors that affect entrepreneurial quality.Meanwhile,this paper brings some policy implications for improving entrepreneurial quality in Chinese context.Frist,considering that there are multiple equivalent paths that generate high entrepreneurial quality,policymakers that constrained by resources limitation should choose a driving path that adapts to local development endowment.Second,policymakers should recognize the importance of internet for entrepreneurial quality and create favorable network environment for the development and growth of new ventures.Regarding the opportunities for further research,we suggest to conduct comprehensive analyses by combining the quality and quantity aspect of entrepreneurship for a deeper understanding of different entrepreneurial phenomena,and consider the dynamic evolution of the determinants of urban entrepreneurial quality.
作者
谢智敏
王霞
杜运周
谢玲敏
XIE Zhimin;WANG Xia;DU Yunzhou;XIE Lingmin(School of Economics and Management,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Economics&Management,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;College of Economics,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)
出处
《科学学与科学技术管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期68-82,共15页
Science of Science and Management of S.& T.
基金
国家社会科学基金资助项目(19BGL047)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72072030,71672033)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC630167)。
作者简介
第一作者:谢智敏(1987-),女,河南商丘人,同济大学经济与管理学院,博士研究生,研究方向:创业与创新、QCA方法;通信作者:杜运周,yunzhou@seu.edu.cn。
