摘要
在跨界污染治理中的政府合作领域,同时存在硬法和软法两种法规范。现行长江经济带水污染治理相关的硬法规范并不少,但法律规范原则性强、可操作性差;流域层面专门立法未落地;政府间合作法和水资源生态补偿法律缺失。软法层面“省际协议”的法律效力不足,在具体操作中面临协议内容空洞、责任条款缺失、注重条条框框、效力不明确、缺乏具体执行手段和实施机制等问题,从而导致长江经济带区域合作虚多实少。长江经济带省际污染协同治理的有效推进,亟需完善的法律体系以支撑,硬法层面需协调现有的相关法律、促进《长江保护法》尽快颁布实施、制定政府间合作法和水资源生态补偿法;软法层面需建立政府内在的诚信自觉制度、建立健全区域污染联防联控协议条款规范制度、完善区域污染联防联控协议履行纠纷解决制度和完善区域污染联防联控协议履行监督约束机制,提升软法的法律效力,保障区域合作协议内容的有效实现。
In the area of government cooperation in cross-border pollution regulation,there are two kinds of legal norms:hard law and soft law.There are many hard laws and regulations related to water pollution control in the Yangtze River economic belt.The legal norms have many principles and stipulations,but it is poor in operability.The special legislation at the basin level has not been implemented.The intergovernmental cooperation law and water resources compensation law are in lack.In terms of the soft law,the“cross provincial agreement”does not have sufficient legal effect.When operated specifically,it faces the problems of empty content,lack of responsibility clauses,too much emphasis on the forms of regulations,unclear effectiveness and lack of specific means of implementation and implementation mechanism,and this caused the lack of actual cooperation in the Yangtze River economic belt.The effective promotion of the cross provincial collaborative pollution control in the Yangtze River economic belt needs to be supported by a sound legal system.In terms of the hard laws,we need to coordinate the existing relevant laws,promote the promulgation and implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law as soon as possible,and formulate the intergovernmental cooperation law and water resources compensation law.In terms of the soft laws,we need to establish the government’s internal integrity and self-consciousness system,and establish and improve the terms and regulations of the regional joint pollution prevention and control agreement,improve regional pollution joint prevention and control agreement,implement the dispute settlement system,perfect regional joint pollution prevention and control agreement,implement the supervision and regulation mechanism,improve the legal effect of soft law and ensure the effective realization of regional cooperation agreement.
作者
肖建华
梅纯清
XIAO Jianhua;MEI Chunqing(School of Political Science and Law,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;School of Public Administration,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2020年第5期48-53,121,共7页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology（Social Sciences）
基金
国家社科基金项目“省际环境污染联防联控治理机制研究”(18BZZ063)。
关键词
长江经济带
省际污染
协同治理
法律体系
Yangtze River Economic Belt
provincial pollution
collaborative governance
legal system
作者简介
第一作者:肖建华,教授,博士,硕士生导师。E-mail:mrxiaoyou@21cn.com。
