摘要
《民法典》对医务人员过错的规定延续了《侵权责任法》的做法。从以往实践来看,对医务人员的过错判断过于宽泛,混杂了医疗机构的组织因素,加之医疗机构内部管理以及外部保障等多方面原因,导致医疗过错制度的规范目的在实践中往往会产生偏差。对相关条款的解释应妥当结合理性人标准、组织过错以及替代责任等理论。对医务人员过错的判断应遵循理性人标准,涤除医务人员过错判断中所掺杂的医疗机构组织因素。对于医务人员故意或重大过失致害的情况,医疗机构承担责任属于替代责任,允许进行追偿,但应注意民事责任与其他责任的协调。
The provisions of the Civil Code on the fault of medical personnel continue the practice of the Tort Liability Law.Judging from past practice,the fault judgments of medical personnel are too broad,mixed with the organizational factors of medical institutions,and combined with internal management and external guarantees of medical institutions,etc.,led to the deviations in the normative purpose of the medical fault system in practice.The interpretation of relevant clauses should properly incorporate theories of rational person standards,organizational fault,and alternative liability.The judgment of medical personnel’s fault should follow the rational person standard,and the organizational factors of medical institutions should be eliminated in the judgment.For cases where medical personnel cause harm intentionally or through gross negligence,the responsibility of medical institutions is vicarious liability,and recovery is allowed,but attention should be paid to the coordination of civil liability and other responsibilities.
出处
《北方法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期36-46,共11页
Northern Legal Science
关键词
民法典
医疗过错
医疗损害责任
Civil Code
medical fault
medical damage liability
作者简介
窦海阳,中国社会科学院法学研究所副研究员。
