摘要
如何科学确定裂纹所在位置和裂纹大小一直是油气管道检测面临的难题。为便于检测管道上的裂纹位置,提出了一种基于压电陶瓷传感器(PZT)信号识别的裂纹检测新方法--敲击定位法。该方法简单易行,通过获取管道上4个不同位置的信号值,可以方便地确定裂纹位置和周向裂纹长度范围。为验证该方法的可行性,在理论分析的基础上,选取1根长2.1 m的钢制管道进行试验,通过粘贴在管道上的压电陶瓷传感器拾取敲击信号,获得应力波的传播特征。应力波在健康管道上传播时会不断衰减,但经过管道上的裂缝时衰减程度显著增大,因而可藉此识别裂纹所在位置。研究结果表明,管道上裂纹周向位置已知和周向位置未知两种情况下,裂纹与PZT传感器之间的计算距离与实测距离误差较小,因此该方法能有效识别裂纹位置。研究结果为油气管道裂纹的无损检测提供了新方法。
How to scientifically determine the location and the size of the crack has always been a problem faced by oil and gas pipeline inspection.To facilitate the inspection of the crack position on the pipeline,a new crack detection method based on the signal recognition of the piezoceramic transducer(PZT),the knocking positioning method,is proposed.The method is simple and easy.By acquiring the signal values of 4 different positions on the pipeline,the crack position and the circumferential crack length range can be easily determined.To verify the feasibility of this method,on the basis of theoretical analysis,a steel pipe with a length of 2.1 m is selected for the test.The PZT sensors attached to the pipe are used to pick up the knocking signal to obtain the propagation characteristics of the stress wave.Stress waves will experience continue attenuation as they propagate on intact pipelines.The degree of attenuation will increase significantly when passing through cracks in the pipeline,which could be used to identify the location of the crack.The study results show that in the cases which the circumferential position of the crack on the pipeline is known and unknown,the error between the calculated distance and the measured distance between the crack and the PZT sensor is small.Therefore,the proposed method can effectively identify the crack position.The study provides a new method for non-destructive testing of cracks in oil and gas pipelines.
作者
李鲲
肖逸飞
徐阳
田江平
杜国锋
Li Kun;Xiao Yifei;Xu Yang;Tian Jiangping;Du Guofeng(School of Urban Construction,Yangtze University;Electronics&Information School of Yangtze University)
出处
《石油机械》
北大核心
2020年第6期118-125,共8页
China Petroleum Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“基于分布式压电陶瓷传感器的长输管道动力响应监测与损伤识别研究”(51778064)
湖北省自然科学基金(群体)项目“山地长输管道地震致灾机理与抗震设计方法研究”(2016CFA022)
湖北省技术创新重大专项“金属管道焊接缺陷智能检测系统研发”(2019AAA011)。
作者简介
第一作者:李鲲,生于1994年,现为在读硕士研究生,研究方向为结构工程。地址:(434023)湖北省荆州市。E-mail:825927974@qq.com;通信作者:杜国锋,E-mail:gfdu@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
