摘要
在现代汉语里存在“名1—名2—动”这样陈述关系层层套叠的句法格式,一般称之为“主谓谓语句式”。“名1”和“名2”均为“动”的某种语义角色。对于“名1—名2—动”句法格式,已有一定的研究与描写。其中有一种不含周遍意义也不含隐含“连”字且表极性推衍义的“施—受—动”主谓谓语句,与“受—施—动”主谓谓语句相比,使用频率要低得多,以至于一般现代汉语语法专著和现代汉语教材都不关注。对此种主谓谓语句前人虽有所谈及,但对于“为什么少用”都缺乏必要的理论上的解释说明。本文试在前人研究的基础上,从语言信息结构的视角,对此种句式“为什么少用”作出回答。
In Modern Chinese,there exists a construction of“noun 1+noun 2+verb”in which the first and the second noun can serve as different theta roles of the verb.In contrast to the common case where the first noun and the second noun serve as the patient and agent of the verb respectively,its opposite case in which the first noun serves as the agent while the second noun serves as the patient is relatively rare.Previous studies have paid little attention to this asymmetry,especially to the causes of it.This paper studies this asymmetry from the perspective of information structure theory,analyzes the limitations on the use of“noun 1[agent]+noun 2[patient]+verb”,and explains why it has a low frequency of use in Modern Chinese.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期387-394,510,共9页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
“名1—名2—动”句法格式
主谓谓语句式
“施—受—动”主谓谓语句
信息结构
“noun 1+noun 2+verb”construction
sentence as predicate construction(SSP construction)
“agent+patient+verb”SSP construction
information structure theory
作者简介
陆俭明,lu_ma2008@pku.edu.cn。
