综合性大学教育学科发展的生态学考察被引量：15

An Ecological Probe into the Development of the Discipline of Education in China’s Universities

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摘要高等教育与社会发展对综合性大学教育学科的创建与发展起到推动作用,并使其具有高等教育特征。在学科发展过程中存在高等教育学与教育学的学科地位之争。"双一流"政策实施后,教育学科对综合性大学发展的服务与支撑使命被提上日程。单一维度的问题讨论和对策已无法解释和解决综合性大学教育学科的困境。生态学理论为其发展历史和未来建设提供了一种新的观照思路。综合性大学的教育学科处在一个复杂开放的生态网络,包括社会生态系统、学科群生态系统和大学内部学科生态系统。综合性大学教育学科在整个生态系统中的生态位不理想,要改变这种状况,国家政策需明确学科的"高等系科"之位,综合性大学需从建设多样异质的生态系统出发,充分发挥学科的边缘效应,给予学科稳固的机构载体,各高等学校教育学科应错位发展,寻找合理的学科生态位。 Higher education and social development push forward the construction and development of the discipline of education in universities,which is characterized by "higher education." In the course of disciplinary development,there is a dispute over the status between the discipline of higher education and the discipline of education. Since the implementation of the policy for "double world-class" university construction,the mission for the discipline of education to serve and support the development of universities has been put on the agenda. A single-dimensional discussion and countermeasures cannot help explain and tackle the dilemma of the discipline of education in universities,and the theory of ecology provides a new idea for its development and future construction. Put in a complex and open ecological network,the discipline of education in universities includes the ecosystem of society,the ecosystem of a disciplinary cluster,and the ecosystem of the internal disciplines of universities. The discipline of education in universities has no ideal niche in the entire ecosystem. To change this situation,the national policy needs to clarify the status of the discipline of education as a "department" in universities;universities should,based on the building of a diversified,heterogeneous ecosystem,give full play to the marginal effect of the discipline,and provide a solid institutional carrier;and the discipline is supposed to seek a reasonable niche through differential and supplementary development.

作者苏林琴 Su Linqin(the Institute of Higher Education,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124)

机构地区北京工业大学高等教育研究院

出处《教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第2期101-110,共10页 Educational Research

关键词综合性大学教育学科高等教育学学科生态 universities the discipline of education the discipline of higher education disciplinary ecosystem

分类号 G642.3 [文化科学—高等教育学]

作者简介苏林琴,北京工业大学高等教育研究院副研究员(北京100124)。