摘要
为明晰不同的培肥措施对耕作黑土区中小型土壤动物群落的影响,于2017年6-9月在内蒙古兴安盟扎赉特旗农业科技示范园区种植基地设置4种不同培肥措施:T1(不施肥对照)、T2(秸秆还田)、T3(施有机肥)和T4(有机肥和秸秆配施)进行定点试验.共捕获中小型土壤动物4243只,隶属于60个类群,其中,优势类群为矮蒲螨科、虫穴螨科和等节科3类,占总个体数的74.9%,常见类群为7类,占总个体数的18.81%.结果显示:有机肥和秸秆配施可以显著增加中小型土壤动物个体数(P<0.05),提高中小型土壤动物类群数,秸秆还田可以显著提高中小型土壤动物均匀度指数(P<0.05),施有机肥可以提高优势度指数,说明不同的培肥措施对中小型土壤动物群落指标具有不同的影响特征.垂直分布上,中小型土壤动物具有明显的表聚特征,并随着土层的加深个体数和类群数下降明显(P<0.05).月动态分析表明中小型土壤动物主要集中在水热条件较好的7月,各生态指数随时间推移呈规律性变化,7月份优势度指数较高,8月份多样性指数和丰富度指数较高,均匀度指数随时间呈下降趋势.因此,有机肥和秸秆配施较单独的培肥措施可以更好地提高黑土区土壤质量,改善中小型土壤动物群落结构,为中小型土壤动物提供适宜的生存环境.(图4表4参36).
In order to clarify the effects of fertility-building practices on the meso-micro soil fauna communities in a black soil area under cultivation,the following four different fertility-building practices were set up in the planting base of Zhalaid Banner Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park in Hinggan League,Inner Mongolia,from June to September 2017:T1(no fertilization,i.e.,control),T2(straw return),T3(organic fertilization),and T4(application of organic fertilizer and straw).A total of 4243 meso-micro soil fauna belonging to 61 groups were captured.Among them,the dominant groups were Pygmephoridae,Zerconidae,and Isotomidae,accounting for 74.89%of the total number of individuals,and the common groups were seven groups,accounting for 18.81%of the total number of individuals.The results of our analyses showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and straw could significantly increase the number of meso-micro soil fauna(P<0.05),and single straw return could significantly improve the evenness index of meso-micro soil fauna(P<0.05).Single application of organic fertilizer could improve the dominance index,indicating that different fertility-building practices had different effects on the community index of meso-micro soil fauna.Vertical distribution of meso-micro soil fauna showed obvious characteristics of surface aggregation,and with the deepening of the soil layer,the number of individuals and groups decreased significantly(P<0.05).The monthly dynamic analysis showed that the meso-micro soil fauna was the most abundant in July under suitable hydrothermal conditions.The ecological indices changed regularly with time.The dominance index was higher in July,the diversity index and richness index were higher in August,and the evenness index decreased with time.These results showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and straw could improve soil quality and community structure of meso-micro soil fauna in black soil areas better than single fertility-building practices as well as provide a suitable living environment for the meso-micro soil fauna.
作者
王文东
红梅
赵巴音那木拉
刘鹏飞
赵乌英嘎
马尚飞
美丽
WANG Wendong;HONG Mei;ZHAO Bayinnamula;LIU Pengfei;ZHAO Wuyingga;MA Shangfei;MEI Li(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources,Hohhot 010011,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1344-1351,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项（2016-GC0082-5）资助~~
关键词
中小型土壤动物
有机肥
秸秆还田
群落多样性
meso-micro soil fauna
organic fertilizer
straw returning
community diversity
作者简介
通讯作者:红梅,E-mail:nmhm1970@sina.com。
