摘要
为了掌握不同垂直植被类型下小型土壤节肢动物群落组成及多样性的变化规律,2012年3、5、7、10和12月对贡嘎山东坡的常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林和暗针叶林下的小型土壤节肢动物群落进行了调查。共分离到小型土壤节肢动物8581只,隶属于8纲28目114科145类或属,优势类群为近缺虫兆属(Paranurophorus)。与我国温带及亚热带森林土壤节肢动物群落相比,贡嘎山东坡小型土壤节肢动物群落组成类群不仅丰富,且具有独特性。主成分分析及相似性指数计算结果表明,不同植被类型间的小型土壤节肢动物群落组成结构相似性较高,但群落相似性随着海拔相对高度的增加而降低。小型土壤节肢动物的群落密度、丰富度和Shannon指数均随海拔上升逐渐减小,其中暗针叶林下小型土壤节肢动物群落的丰富度和Shannon指数显著低于其他植被类型。3月和12月小型土壤节肢动物的群落密度、丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数在总体上大于5月、7月和10月,且不同月份间差异显著。影响小型土壤节肢动物群落密度及多样性空间分布的主要环境因子为土壤有机质、有效磷、pH、土壤温度和湿度。研究结果表明,贡嘎山东坡小型土壤节肢动物群落组成类群丰富且具独特性;群落结构、密度及多样性指数对季节变化的响应比对植被类型变化更敏感。
We examined the spatiotemporal variations in taxonomic composition and diversity of soil microarthropod communities under four vegetation types along the altitude gradient on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain.The vegetation types included evergreen broad-leaved forest(EBF,at an altitude of 1930 m),deciduous broad-leaved forest(DBF,2343 m),coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest(CBF,2780 m),and dark coniferous forest(DCF,3160 m).Soil microarthropods were investigated in March,May,July,October and December,2012.A total of 8581 individuals of soil microarthropods were collected and classified into 8 classes,28 orders,114 families and 145 taxa or genera.The microarthropods were dominated by Paranurophorus,which accounted for 24.26%of the total individuals.The microarthropod communities on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain showed higher taxonomic richness and unique zonal characteristics compared to those of forest ecosystems in subtropical and temperature zones.The results of principal component analysis and similarity indices showed that soil microarthropod community structure were similar among the four forest types,but the similarity declined with the increasing of relative altitude among the different forests.The density,richness and Shannon index of soil microarthropod communities decreased with increasing altitude,with lower richness and Shannon index of dark coniferous forest than those of the other forests.Moreover,the density,richness,Shannon index and Simpson index of soil microarthropod communities were higher in March and December than in May,July and October,with significant differences among the sampling months.Soil organic matter,available P,p H,soil temperature and moisture were the main factors driving the spatial distribution of the density and diversity of soil microarthropods.Our results indicated that soil microarthropod community on the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain had higher taxonomic richness and unique zonal characteristics,and their community structure,density and diversity index were more sensitive to seasons than to vegetation types.
作者
周育臻
吴鹏飞
ZHOU Yu-zhen;WU Peng-fei(Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期586-599,共14页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41371270,41971064)
四川省应用基础研究重点项目(2018JY0556)
四川省重点研发项目(2018SZ0333)
西南民族大学研究生创新项目(CX2018SZ105)联合资助.
关键词
贡嘎山东坡
垂直气候带
小型土壤节肢动物
群落结构
多样性
时空分布
Gongga Mountain
vertical climatic zone
soil microarthropod
community structure
diversity
spatiotemporal distribution
作者简介
通讯作者:吴鹏飞,E-mail:wupf@swun.edu.cn;周育臻,男,1994年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤动物生态学。E-mail:670617057@qq.com
