摘要
仲裁机构法律属性的确定关涉到仲裁机构治理、改革方向选择与中国仲裁制度优化。由于立法未明确仲裁机构法律属性,受政府牵头组建的模式与现行体制限制,仲裁机构继被归类于事业单位后,又被其分类改革裹挟而无所适从,整体"行政化"色彩严重。历史原因与当前深化政府机构改革的压力叠加,使得仲裁机构面临被"违法改革"的危机。仲裁私法自治的本性决定了仲裁机构的非官方性和独立性,制度竞争促使仲裁机构走向公益性和非营利性。我国仲裁机构改革应当彻底去行政化,确定公益性非营利法人定位,优化治理结构。仲裁应主要通过行业协会进行自治自律,政府监管需依法适度。融入国际竞争、完善仲裁法治、加强人才培养是未来仲裁发展之关键。
The legal nature of arbitral institution determines not only its internal governance and design of future reform, but also impacts improvement of Chinese arbitration system. Arbitration Law does not specify on this question. Under the regime of state - operated public service, arbitral institutions have been qualified as Public Institution and compelled to be treated and reformed as quasi - administrative department. Against the background of a new round of government institutions reform, unclarified legal nature of arbitral institution could force arbitration institution into a dangerous position in deviation of actual purposes and aims of legislator of Arbitration Law. Arbitral institution shall be non - governmental and independent due to its nature of private autonomy. Institutional competition among arbitral institutions drive them to be non - profitable and non - commercial. Chinese arbitral institution shall be completely detached from administrative system and be characterized as public - benevolent non -profitable legal person in order to optimize its governance. Government shall supervise arbitral institution in a laissez - faire manner, with self - regulation of arbitral institutions exercising regulating power. Chinese Arbitration Association shall be established as soon as possible.
出处
《比较法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期142-156,共15页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
中国政法大学仲裁公信力建设与评估课题(项目编号:23618040)的阶段性成果
关键词
仲裁机构
去行政化
仲裁本质
私法自治
公益性非营利法人
arbitral institution
de - administration
legal nature of arbitration
reform of publicinstitution
public - benevolent non - profitable legal person
作者简介
姜丽丽,北京大学法学院民商法学专业博士研究生,中国政法大学仲裁研究院副院长.
