摘要
仲裁裁决的解释是三种裁决后内部救济方式之一,我国《仲裁法》对此未作规定,但实践中已粗略勾勒出裁决解释规则的框架。该框架体现出明显的执行法院导向,与遵循“当事人-仲裁庭”互动模式的国际通行实践存在一定差异。由于裁决解释是对经由最终裁决确立的法律秩序的调整,裁决解释本身也应被划定适用边界。可从三个维度对裁决解释规则予以约束和完善:从一裁终局原则出发,宜认定裁决解释构成裁决的一部分,同时防止裁决解释变相修改裁决,否定裁决的终局效力;从当事人意思自治原则出发,应发挥当事人的主导权,由当事人而非执行法院启动裁决解释程序,且在无当事人授权的情况下仲裁庭不得主动解释裁决;从正当程序原则出发,应限制解释期限,并给予其他当事方发表意见的合理机会,同时准用作出裁决的若干规则。
Interpretation of arbitral awards is one of the three avenues available for the parties if they identify errors after an arbitral award has been made.Arbitration Law of the People’s Republic of China is silent on the possibility of obtaining an interpretation of an arbitral award.Current practice has adopted a rough framework for arbitral tribunals to give an interpretation based on the need of enforcement courts rather than the parties.Such a framework deviates strikingly from the international arbitration practice,which is usually conducted based on the the interaction between the arbitral tribunal and parties.Since the interpretation of an award is an adjustment to the legal order established by a final award,the application scope of the interpretation process itself should also be delineated clearly.This article proposes to improve the current practice in three respects.First,the interpretation of an arbitral award should be recognized as an integral part of the arbitral award,and should not distort the arbitral award,thus frustrating the finality of arbitral awards.Second,arbitral tribunals should only give interpretation at the parties’request instead of exercising the power proprio motu.Finally,arbitral tribunals should give the interpretation within a reasonable time limit and allow the parties to dispute.The rules governing the rendering of awards should also apply mutatis mutandis to interpretation.
出处
《商事仲裁与调解》
2023年第2期19-37,共19页
Commercial Arbitration & Mediation
关键词
裁决解释
一裁终局
当事人意思自治
正当程序
interpretation of arbitral awards
finality of arbitral awards
party autonomy
due process
作者简介
孟伟,深圳国际仲裁院研究处法律顾问。
