中国有限公司股权善意取得的质疑——基于《公司法解释三》及其扩大适用被引量：9

On bona fide acquisition of shares in limited liability corporations:Questions on Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China(Ⅲ) and its further application

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摘要《公司法解释三》在名义持股和一股二卖两种情形中确立了有限公司的股权善意取得制度,司法实践亦将之扩至冒名转让股权的情形。然而,工商登记作为股权变动的权利外观,因其对抗效力且无相应技术改造,难以让人信赖。值此建构下,名义持股和一股二卖两种情形中不可能存在无权处分;即使存在无权处分的可能,股权转让实践中存在善意的可能也微乎其微,不应有股权善意取得的空间。冒名转让股权的情形中,无权处分、善意、合理对价、登记等构成要件虽可能得到满足,但基于可归责性的考量,亦不宜认定善意取得的适用。将来之立法应考虑加固权利外观的精确性,并将股权的善意取得限于登记错误的场合,以避免善意取得制度的滥用。 Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Company Law of the People's Republic of China (Ⅲ) establishes the doctrine of bona fide acquisition of shares in limited liability corporations in circumstances of dormant investment and shares being sold twice. And courts further apply it in the circumstance of impersonation of the real owner. The semblance of rights in equity changing in China, however, which has the efficacy of confrontation without any technique improvement, can't be trusted. On this basis, it's impossible that disposition of shares by an unauthorised person exists in circumstances of dormant investment and shares being sold twice, even there it is, bona fide couldn't be there, so there is no bona fide acquisition of shares. In circumstance of impersonation of the real owner, though disposition of shares by an unauthorised person, bona fide, reasonable price, registration, etc., can be satisfied, liability attribution should be considered, so there is no bona fide acquisition of shares, either. To avoid abusing bona fide acquisition of shares, future legislation should help enhance the efficacy of semblance of rights, and limit the application of bona fide acquisition of shares to the circumstance of wrong registration.

作者谭津龙 TAN Jinlong(School of Law,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,P. R. China)

机构地区重庆大学法学院

出处《重庆大学学报（社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第4期156-164,共9页 Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)

基金司法部国家法治与法学理论研究课题“有限责任公司股东压制问题研究”(16SFB3028)

关键词股权善意取得权利外观无权处分可归责性 bona fide acquisition of shares semblance of rights disposition of shares by an unauthorised person liability attribution

分类号 D9233.99 [政治法律—民商法学]

作者简介谭津龙(1984—),男,重庆江津人,法学博士,重庆大学法学院讲师,主要从事公司法、信托法研究,Email:tanjl2014@cqu.edu.cn。