摘要
以营林企业和木质林产品制造企业组成的两级供应链为研究对象,构建木质林产品供应链交易模型,对供应链碳汇价格合作机制下的生产与减排决策进行分析。研究表明:供应链上存在有效的碳汇转移价格区间,在该区间内进行价格合作有利于提高各企业的利润;供应链碳汇价格合作机制不仅能够缓解制造企业技术减排的压力,而且有利于营林企业提高碳汇林的营林规模,但是会减弱制造企业减排履约的强制性及减排政策的有效性,不利于制造企业提高成品市场销售量。因此,为保证木材和林业碳汇的稳定供给,供应链企业双方应通过协商制定合适的碳汇转移价格。
⑴Background--In December 2017,China s National Development and Reform Commission printed and issued the“the Construction Plan of National Carbon Emission Trading Market(Power Generation Industry)”,which indicates that China has completed the overall design of the carbon emissions trading system and marks the official launch of the national carbon emissions trading market.The total carbon footprint and unit carbon footprint intensity of China s wood furniture,paper products,wood products and other wood forest products are great.Vigorously promoting the carbon reduction of industrial technology will inevitably have a huge impact on the development of wood forest products industry.Therefore,under the background of carbon constraints,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the effects of carbon price cooperation strategies on forest management companies and wood forest products manufacturing companies.⑵Methods--Under the carbon-binding policy,the paper takes the two-tier supply chain consisting of forest management companies and wood forest products manufacturing companies as the research object,taking into account the characteristics of the forest management enterprises production of wood and forestry carbon sinks,and the manufacturing enterprises consumption of wood and carbon emission rights,etc.Under the carbon quota and trading mechanism,two kinds of transaction contracts are designed:one exists carbon sink price cooperation while the other doesn t.The sequential game model is established to study the optimal forest reserves in the supply chain during a single cycle and the carbon emission reduction per unit of finished products.⑶Results--The study found:①In the absence of carbon sink price cooperation within the supply chain,the transaction costs of carbon sinks have increased the cost of manufacturing companies purchasing carbon emission rights from the market.This has increased their carbon emission reductions,but it also has put more emission reduction stress to manufacturers and has added the operating costs of maintaining production;②Under the circumstances that all other conditions for carbon sink price cooperation within the supply chain are met,a well-designed carbon sink transfer price can make each entity of the supply chain obtain more profits than without carbon sink price cooperation.The pressure of technological reduction of carbon in manufacturing enterprises can be eased;the forestry companies can also be encouraged to expand the planting scale of carbon sink forests;and the impact of transaction costs and risks in the carbon sink market on the stability of supply chain operations can be reduced;③In the feasible range,as the transfer price of carbon sinks increases,the return of carbon sink forests and timber forests will increase,while its impact on their scales will vary.⑷Conclusions and Discussions--The main management implications of the paper are as follows:under the carbon quota and trading transaction mechanism,each supply chain entity can cooperate within the effective carbon sink transfer price range,and combine other resources and risk conditions to determine its optimal and feasible scales of carbon sink forests and timber forests in order to reasonably avoid the market demand risks and to maximize their own benefits.In addition,under the carbon sink price cooperation mechanism,when considering the maximization of their own profits,the forest management companies must also consider factors such as the natural risks of forest management,the cycle of the forest planting project,and the input cost of the early stage.In the cooperation mechanism,something should be designed to jointly response to natural risks and project investment costs,etc.,so as to effectively ensure the stability of supply chain raw materials and carbon sink supply.
作者
王帅
彭红军
孙铭君
WANG Shuai;PENG Hongjun;SUN Mingjun(School of Economics and Management,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037 China)
出处
《林业经济问题》
北大核心
2018年第3期51-60,105,共11页
Issues of Forestry Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(17BGL236)
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(16YJC630092)
关键词
碳约束
木质林产品
碳汇定价
碳交易
carbon constraints
wood forest products
carbon sink pricing
carbon trading
作者简介
王帅(1992-),男,江苏盐城,硕士研究生,从事企业管理、农林经济管理等方面的研究,(E-mail)15205192387@163.com。;通讯作者:彭红军(1980-),男,安徽池州,博士,教授,从事农林经济管理、供应链金融、运筹与管理等方面的研究,(E-mail)penghj@njfu.edu.cn。
