摘要
改革开放以来,中国进入快速城市化发展期,地方政府在城市发展中的作用凸显,而区划调整是其最常用的行政手段之一。区划调整带来土地的快速非农化,但同时也带来了虚假城市化、被动城市化等诟病。本文通过对广东省中山市行政区划调整的案例研究,探讨了地方政府采取区划调整推动地区发展的时效性,并以此为基础,定义了"区划调整先导型城市化"的概念。即以区划调整为先导,带动乡村地区基础设施、产业结构、社会管理、居民意识等的城市化转型。这种转型过程在短期来看是"虚假"的,但从长时段来看则是一种由虚假→部分真实→真实的渐进城市化过程。对于该结论的普适性,尚待进一步的研究。
China has experienced a rapid urbanization period since the adoption of the opening-up policy and the economic reform from the late 1970 s.The urbanization rate of China has reached 52.57% in 2012.According to the statistics,urban population of China increased from 373 million in 1996 to 712 million in 2012.Urban area also expanded from 13000 km2 to 45750.7 km2,which represents a 252% increase.How China achieves this tremendous rate of urban population growth and how this process occurs in such a short period of time became important questions in urban transition research.To understand the process and mechanism of urban making and urbanization in China,the role of local governments needs to be examined.Previous studies show that the rapid functional change of land use brings about a series of urban problems,such as pseudo-urbanization and passive urbanization.This paper explores the change of administration division of Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province,and found that the development of the South Area and the West Area of Zhongshan City has undergone a pseudo-urbanization to real urbanization process.The focus of the study is on the adjustment of administrative regions(AAR) implemented in Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province.Using an ethnographic examination of the AAR process and the role played by various stakeholders,we investigate the effects of the AAR,specifically,does it create 'passive' or 'fake' urbanization In the conclusion,we further discuss the theory of urbanization in China and link it to the concept of government-led administrative unit adjusting urbanization.We argue that government-led adjusting urbanization is characterized by a transformation from passive and fake urbanization at the beginning of the process to proactive and real urbanization at later stages.Accordingly,rural land,populations,industry,and lifestyles are all converted into city property.The study used participatory observation and questionnaire survey methods.The result shows that the local government indeed pushed the urbanization by adjusting different administration districts,that is,engaged in the 'government-led adjusting urbanization'.It suggests that a long term and more inclusive examination method of Chinese urbanization mechanism is required,which should be more suitable in China than the western definition of urbanization.The 'governmentled adjusting urbanization' might be a special phenomenon only occurred in China.Whether it serves the purpose of the government remains a question that needs to be answered by further case study and research.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期1047-1057,共11页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41271165
41130747)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(12YJAGJW007)
关键词
城市化
区划调整
行政城市化
地方政府
中山市
urbanization
adjusting of administrative region(AAR)
administrative urbanization
local government
Zhongshan City
