摘要
植物精油中含有柠檬烯、香茅醇、芳樟醇、安息香酸苄酯和乙酸芳樟酯等多种化合物,其芳香性分子可以缓解压力引起的精神紧张、情绪化暴力倾向以及一定的助睡眠作用。精油的分子量小,易渗透皮肤,达到血液,并随血液运行全身,对急性发病的患者具有不可替代的作用。药理实验表明,植物精油大多具有抗癌、抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、杀虫、驱蚊和对中枢神经系统的镇静作用等多种生物活性。相比口服药物,可以避免首过消除和对胃肠道的刺激,安全性强。但是,配方精油在临床研究中的应用较少,主要集中于围绝经期综合征和镇静、催眠、抗焦虑的研究,且缺乏相应的实验室安全性研究。实验室研究也大多局限于抗氧化性、镇静催眠方面的研究,肿瘤抑制性的相关研究较少。配方精油制备工艺与最佳配比的选择没有确定标准,疗效判定混入主观因素等问题难以解决。精油不易保存,易变质,由于空气混入,在将单方精油混合成复方精油时可能加剧其氧化变质。
Plant essential oils contain various compounds such as limonene, citronellol, linalool, benzyl benzoate and linalyl ace- tate. The aromatic molecules can relieve anxiety caused by stress, emotional violence and can be helpful to sleep. Essential oils have a small molecular weight, and they are easy to penetrate the skin, reach the blood, and run with the blood throughout the body, which has an irreplaceable effect on patients with acute onset of diseases. Pharmacological tests have proven that most of the plant essential oils have various biological activities such as anti-cancer,anti-bacterial,anti-viral,anti-oxidation,insecticidal,mos- quito repellent and sedative effects on the central nervous system. Compared with oral drugs, it can avoid first-pass elimination and stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract,with certain safety. However, the application of formulated essential oils in clinical research is not much. In recent years, the clinical application of formulated essential oils has focused on perimenopausal syndrome and seda- tive and hypnotic anxiolytic studies, and there is a lack of corresponding laboratory safety studies. In laboratory studies of essential oils used for antioxidants, sedation and hypnosis are mostly focused on, and there are few studies of that on tumor suppression. There is no definite standard for the selection of the preparation process and the optimal ratio, and it is difficult to solve the prob- lem of the subjective factors. Essential oils are not easy to store and are prone to deterioration. Due to the incorporation of air, the oxidative deterioration can be exacerbated when the essential oil is mixed into a compound essential oil.
作者
彭孟凡
刘保松
苗明三
PENG Mengfan;LIU Baosong;MIAO Mingsan(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan China 45004)
出处
《中医学报》
CAS
2018年第9期1745-1749,共5页
Acta Chinese Medicine
基金
国家"十一五"支撑计划项目(2008BAI53B09)
国家中医药管理局中医药标准化专项课题项目(2017-149-11)
关键词
配方精油
单方精油
组分配伍
实践应用
tbrmula essential oil
single essential oil
ingredient compatibility
practical application
作者简介
彭孟凡（1992-），女，河南驻马店人，硕士研究生，研究方向：分子药理学的实验研究。;通信作者：苗明三，男，教授，主要从事中药药理教学与研究。Email：miaomingsan@163．com。
