摘要
目的调查急性脑梗死（ACI）入院患者营养风险与营养不良的发生率，分析发生营养风险和营养不良的影响因素，为早期营养干预提供依据。方法采用营养风险筛查2002（NRS2002）、主观整体评估（SGA）和体质量指数（BMI）对2017年1—10月ACI住院患者进行营养风险筛查和评估，调查营养风险和营养不良的发生率。采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析发生营养风险和营养不良的危险因素。结果200例ACI患者中，营养风险（NRS2002 ≥ 3分）发生率为61.0%（122/200）；以BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m2为标准判定营养不足的发生率为8.5%（17/200）；使用SGA评估营养不良发生率为25.5%（51/200）。单因素分析显示营养风险的发生与高龄、饮酒、合并感染、流质饮食、吞咽困难/呛咳及BMI（〈18.5 kg/m2）有关（P〈0.05或〈0.01），营养不良的发生与高龄、合并感染、意识障碍、流质饮食、吞咽困难/呛咳及BMI（〈18.5 kg/m2）有关（P〈0.01）；Logistic回归分析显示，高龄、流质饮食是ACI患者发生营养风险的独立危险因素（P〈0.05或〈0.01）；高龄、合并感染、流质饮食和BMI（〈18.5 kg/m2）为发生营养不良的独立危险因素（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。结论ACI入院患者营养风险与营养不良的发生率较高，患者入院时应及时给予营养风险筛查和营养评估，对有营养风险和营养不良的患者进行早期营养干预，改善患者预后。
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence rate of nutritional risk and malnutrition in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and analyze the influence factors of nutritional risk and malnutrition, so as to provide evidence for targeted nutritional intervention.MethodsNutritional risk screening 2002 （NRS2002）, subjective global assessment （SGA） and body mass index （BMI） were applied to screen nutritional risk and assess nutritional state for hospitalized patients with acute cerebral infarction from January to October 2017, and to investigate the incidence rate of nutritional risk and malnutrition. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the relationship of nutritional risk and malnutrition with the basic information and habits of patients. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors.ResultsThe incidence rate of the nutritional risk （NRS2002 ≥ 3 scores） was 61.0% （122/200） in 200 cases of acute cerebral infarction patients. If BMI〈18.5 kg/m2 was used to evaluate the nutritional deficiencies, the incidence rate of undernutrition was 8.5% （17/200）. The incidence rate of malnutrition was 25.5% （51/200） using the SGA evaluation method. The univariate analysis showed that the nutritional risk was associated with age, drinking, combined infection, fluid diet, dysphagia/cough, and BMI （〈18.5 kg/m2）（P〈0.05 or〈0.01）, and the malnutrition was associated with age, combined infection, disturbance of consciousness, fluid diet, dysphagia/cough and BMI （〈18.5 kg/m2） （P〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, fluid diet were the independent risk factors for nutritional risk （P〈0.05 or〈0.01）. The age, combined infection, fluid diet and BMI （〈18.5 kg/m2） were the independent risk factors of malnutrition （P〈0.05 or〈0.01）.ConclusionsThe incidence of nutritional risk and malnutrition in patients with acute cerebral infarction is relatively high. Nutritional risk screening and nutritional assessment should be performed at the time of admission. Early nutrition intervention should be used to prevent malnutrition and improve the prognosis of patients.
作者
马兴好
张丽
江晓阳
王家家
张姁
MaXinghao;Zhang Li;Jiang Xiaoyang;Wang Jiajia;Zhang Xu(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Liu＇an Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University（Liu＇an People＇s Hospital）,Anhui Liu＇an 237005,China)
出处
《中国医师进修杂志》
2018年第8期705-709,共5页
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
关键词
脑梗死
营养风险筛查
评估
影响因素
Cerebral infarction
Nutritional risk screening
Assessment
Influencing factors
作者简介
通信作者：马兴好，Email：271307026@qq．com
