摘要
通州区作为北京城市副中心,面临着加油站VOCs排放量快速增长的巨大压力,本研究以通州区为例,建立了一套自下而上的加油站VOCs排放清单估算方法,利用北京市本地化加油站VOCs排放因子,结合每座加油站油品销售量,编制了通州区2015~2022年高时空分辨率加油站VOCs排放清单.结果表明:(1)北京市加油站在卸油、加油和罐压控制措施的基础上增加在线监控系统(OMS),汽油VOCs排放因子由190 mg·L^(-1)降至115 mg·L^(-1),再叠加50%车载油气回收系统,排放因子分别降至131 mg·L^(-1)和96 mg·L^(-1);加油站柴油VOCs排放因子(13 mg·L^(-1))是汽油未控制排放因子(1 552 mg·L^(-1))的0.8%;(2)通州区2015年加油站VOCs排放量为97.8 t·a-1,汽油和柴油VOCs排放量分别为96.2 t·a-1和1.6 t·a-1,分别占98.4%和1.6%,排放主要集中在北京市政府新址周边区域;(3)实施《北京市2013~2017年清洁空气行动计划》油气回收要求后,考虑油品销售量增长,通州区2017年和2022年加油站VOCs排放量相比2015年减排9%和6%,假设2022年底前在28座2 000~5 000 t·a-1的加油站也安装OMS,加油站VOCs排放量相比2015年减排13%;(4)2014年APEC期间单双号限行措施使加油站每日排放量减少了(22±12)%;(5)建议加强北京市政府新址周边区域加油站和夏季以及中午加油闲时的油气回收监管工作.
As a subcenter of the city of Beijing,Tongzhou District is faced with enormous pressure from the rapid growth of VOCs emissions from service stations. In this study,a set of bottom-up VOCs inventory estimation methods for service stations in Tongzhou District is established. Using local VOCs emission factors of service stations in Beijing,combined with gasoline and diesel sales from every service station,a high resolution VOCs emission inventory of service stations in Tongzhou District from 2015 to 2022 was established. The results showed the following.（1） An online monitoring system（ OMS） based on unloading,refueling,and tank pressure vapor emission control measures can reduce the VOCs emission factor from 190 mg·L^（-1） to 115 mg·L^（-1）,and when the percent onboard refueling vapor recovery system（ ORVR） Penetration reaches to about 50%,the emission factors can be reduced to 131 mg·L^（-1） and 96 mg·L^（-1）,respectively. The VOCs emission factor（ 13 mg·L^（-1）） of diesel from the service station is 0. 8% of the uncontrolled emission factor（ 1 552 mg·L^（-1）） of gasoline.（2）The amount of VOCs emissions from service stations in Tongzhou District was 97. 8 t·a-1 in 2015,and the emissions of gasoline and diesel were 96. 2 t·a-1 and 1. 6 t·a-1,respectively,accounting for 98. 4%and 1. 6%. The emissions were mainly concentrated in the area surrounding the new Beijing Municipal Government site.（3） After implementation of the vapor recovery requirements of＂Beijing＇s Clean Air Action Plan from 2013-2017,＂considering the increase in oil sales from 2017 to 2022,VOCs emissions of gasoline and diesel from service stations will decrease by 9% and 6%,respectively,compared to those of 2015 in Tongzhou District. Assuming that the OMS will also be installed at 28（ 2 000-5 000） t·a-1 service stations by the end of 2022,VOCs emissions of service stations will be reduce by 13% compared to those of 2015.（4）The measure of restricting the number of vehicles in operation by 50% can reduce VOCs emissions of service stations by（ 22 ± 12） % every day during2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation conference（ APEC）.（5） It is suggested to strengthen vapor recovery supervision on service stations in the area surrounding the new Beijing Municipal Government site,and in summer and refueling idle such as in noon.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期618-625,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0211803)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC23B02)
北京市环境保护科学研究院基金项目(2014-B-03)
关键词
北京城市副中心
加油站
VOCS
油气回收
排放清单
sub-eenter of Beijing city
service station
VOCs
vapor recover
emission inventory
作者简介
黄玉虎（1978-），男，博士研究生，副研究员，主要研究方向为大气污染控制，E-mail：huangyuhu@sina．com;通信作者，E-mail：renbiqi89@sina．com
