摘要
目前,工业源有机溶剂相关的实测型研究在我国鲜见报道,为摸清我国工业源有机溶剂挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)含量及物种情况,提供建立我国工业源有机溶剂使用源排放清单所需的排放因子,选取我国用量均高居全球第一的木器涂料及汽车涂料开展研究.通过到企业采样及市场购买等途径获取涂料样品,按国内涂料相关标准检测方法进行测定,获取涂料中VOCs含量及成分谱,并计算其臭氧生成潜势(ozone formation potential,OFP).结果表明,在木器涂料中,溶剂型、水性和光固化(ultra-violet,UV)涂料的平均VOCs含量(质量分数)分别为37.28%、9.88%和18.02%.汽车涂料中,水性原厂漆、溶剂型原厂漆、水性修补漆和溶剂型修补漆的平均VOCs含量分别为15.06%、59.90%、11.79%和54.50%.不同种类的涂料VOCs含量差异巨大.水性涂料的主要组分及OFP贡献者为醇醚类,溶剂型涂料的为苯系物及酯类,UV涂料的为酯类和醇醚类.涂料样品的均值均可满足现行强制性国家标准,但存在12%的溶剂型木器涂料样品和42%的溶剂型汽车原厂漆样品未达标.此外,除了水性木器涂料的苯系物超标外,其余涂料样品中规定的有害物质含量均达标.
Presently,there are a few studies on the measurement of industrial organic solvents in China.To determine the content and species of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in industrial organic solvents and to provide the emission factors of organic solvents,the Chinese wood and automotive coatings,which accounted for the largest proportion of production in the world,were investigated.Coating samples were obtained by sampling from companies and buying from markets,and were measured in accordance with the domestic standard testing methods for coatings.The content and composition spectrum of VOCs in the coatings were determined,and the ozone formation potential(OFP)was then calculated.The results showed that for wood coatings,the average content of the VOCs in solvent-based,water-based,and ultra-violet(UV)coatings were 37.28%,9.88%,and 18.02%,respectively.For automotive coatings,the average content of the VOCs in water-based original equipment manufacturer(OEM)coating,solvent-based OEM coating,water-based refinishing coating,and solvent-based refinishing coating were 15.06%,59.90%,11.79%,and 54.50%,respectively.The content of the VOCs in different types of coatings varied substantially.The main components and OFP contributors were alcohols and ethers for water-based coatings,benzene series and esters for solvent-based coatings,and esters,alcohols,and ethers for UV coatings.The average value of the coating samples could meet the current mandatory national standards,but 12%of the solvent-based wood coating samples and 42%of the solvent-based OEM coating samples did not meet the standards.In addition,except for the benzene series of the water-based wood coatings,the contents of harmful substances in other coating samples were up to the standards.
作者
柯云婷
孙宇航
成海荣
刘锐源
黄皓旻
范丽雅
叶代启
KE Yun-ting;SUN Yu-hang;CHENG Hai-rong;LIU Rui-yuan;HUANG Hao-min;FAN Li-ya;YE Dai-qi(School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment(SCUT),Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control(SCUT),Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal(SCUT),Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期4446-4454,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212805)
国家自然科学基金项目(41605092)。
作者简介
柯云婷(1995~),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气环境与污染控制,E-mail:ads6573@qq.com;通信作者:叶代启,E-mail:cedqye@scut.edu.cn。
