摘要
我国高等教育系统具有明显的层级化特征。基于2014年"高等教育改革学生调查数据"和2013年全国普通本科院校经费基表数据,从资源与规模、生源特征、院校培养过程和学生发展等四个方面分析了地方本科院校在高等教育层级系统中的困境与优势。研究发现,地方本科院校在资源与规模、生源特征、就业起薪等方面与"985工程"院校、"211工程"院校差距明显,且地方本科院校内部出现老本科院校和新建本科院校的明显分化。不过,地方本科院校学生能力素质增值并不一定低,在院校培养过程中,地方本科院校,尤其是新建本科院校课程设置的实践性、就业导向更明显、教学方式改革成效突出、学生主动参与更积极,显示出这些院校在分类发展上具有较大潜力。在此基础上讨论了地方本科,尤其是新建本科院校转型发展问题,认为地方本科院校选择分类发展有利于提升其地位,拓展其发展空间,并打破已有的分层体系的约束,也有助于打破阶层固化,促进向上的社会流动。
Based on the national undergraduate student survey data in 2014 and financial data of universities in 2013, this study makes an empirical analysis on the local undergraduate universities from four aspects： resources and scale, enrollment quality, educational process and student development. The results show that local undergraduate universities have a significant difference with ＂985 project＂ and ＂211 project＂ universities in resources and scale, enrollment quality and graduates＇ starting salary, and the division between old undergraduate universities and new undergraduate universities has emerged. However, compared with ＂985 project＂ and ＂211 project＂ universities, the value-added of student development in local undergraduate universities does not necessarily mean lower. Meanwhile, during the process of education, the practicality of curriculum setting and the initiative of student involvement in local undergraduate universities are both more obvious. These preliminary findings will help local undergraduate universities to explore the direction of transformation and development.
出处
《中国高教研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期75-82,共8页
China Higher Education Research
基金
本文系国家社会科学基金教育学重点课题“地方本科高校转型发展研究”(AIAI50008)的研究成果
关键词
高等教育分层系统
地方本科院校
分类发展
院校转型
stratification of higher education system
local undergraduate universities
development based on classification
transformation of colleges and universities
作者简介
吴红斌，北京大学医学教育研究所讲师，北京100191;郭建如，通讯作者，北京大学教育学院教育经济研究所教授,中国教育财政科学研究所客座研究员,北京100871
