摘要
随着国内规模化、设施化农业的发展,畜禽养殖产生大量废弃物,带来严重的环境问题和社会问题。臭气是畜禽粪便集中处理所面临的挑战之一。堆肥过程产生臭气的主要成分包括氨气、硫化氢及挥发性有机物(VOCs),对生态环境造成严重危害。堆肥生境中多样的微生物菌群在臭气产生和脱臭时均扮演重要角色,某些微生物菌群可通过分解有机质产生臭气,某些微生物可利用臭气组分完成自身代谢,此外,在堆温变化时微生物群落不断演替。文章综合国内外相关文献报道对堆肥中臭气成分、堆肥生境微生物演替与脱臭功能微生物、生物法对臭气脱除进行综述,为解决畜禽粪便集中处理中的臭气问题,促进畜禽养殖业绿色健康发展提供参考。
With the development of large-scale and facility agriculture,livestock breeding produced large amount of wastes,bringing about serious environmental and social problems.One of the major environmental problems from livestock and poultry farming is odor pollution resulting from waste treatment.The odor from composting mainly consists of ammonia gas,sulfuretted hydrogen,and volatile organic compounds(VOCs),which causes severe damage to the ecological environment.Various microbial flora in composting play key roles in odor production and deodorization,some produce odor when decomposing organic matters,some complete autophage process by using odor component,furthermore,the microbial community implement constant succession when compost temperature varies.This paper reviewed the articles reporting main chemical composition of odor,the microbial succession in compost environment,deodorization microorganism,and deodorization by biological method,providing a reference for tackling the problems of odor production in centralized processing of livestock wastes and promoting the green and healthy development of livestock breeding.
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2018年第1期84-89,共6页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0501408)
国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41-S19)
国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-42-Z16)
关键词
畜禽粪便
堆肥
臭气
生物除臭
livestock waste
compost
odor
biological deodorization
作者简介
张昊（1985-）,男,山东德州人,博士,主要从事家禽育种与健康养殖研究.E-mail15172520011@163.com;皮効松（1969-）,男,湖北长阳人,研究员,主要从事家禽育种与健康养殖研究.E-mail：pijinsong@sina.com
