摘要
文章面向公众、救援人员、决策者三类用户梳理各自对知识库的需求特征,基于应急响应演化规律,构建了应急响应知识库,实现了应急响应知识普及与快速响应决策的功能,是应急决策的智力支持与应急情报管理体系形成的关键支撑。文章从应急情报管理体系的角度将应急响应知识重构为常识知识、事实与经验知识以及运算推理规则三个维度的知识体系,并由知识体系的特征构建常识性知识库、事实经验知识库、推理知识库等组建的应急情报管理体系的应急响应知识库。文章所构建应急情报管理体系的知识库是一个知识库集群,集群中三类知识库关联紧密、协同运行,保障了应急决策方案是在相关知识体系下,以恰当的事实和经验为参照,并借助实时数据和环境及推理算法演算而形成。
In this work, an emergency response knowledge database is constructed to achieve the function of emergency response knowledge popularization and rapid response decision-making based on the law of emergency response. The work focuses on the function of the public, rescue workers, and decision makers, which are the three categories of users, to sort their demands of the knowledge-based characteristics. The emergency response knowledge database is not only the intellectual support for emergency decision-making, but also the premise of the formation of the Fast Response Informatics Management System. This paper reconstructs emergency response knowledge from the perspective of the Fast Response Informatics Management System as a three-dimensional knowledge system of common sense knowledge, fact and experience knowledge, and operation reasoning rule. Further, by considering the characteristics of the knowledge system, the common sense knowledge base, fact and experience knowledge base, reasoning knowledge base, and other emergency response knowledge base of the Fast Response Informatics Management System are built. The constructed knowledge base of the Fast Response Informatics Management System is a knowledge base comprising three types of knowledge bases in the cluster; these bases are closely related and run together to ensure that the emergency decision-making plan is under the relevant knowledge system with appropriate facts and experiences as reference and that the plan is supported with real-time data, environment, and reasoning algorithm calculus.
出处
《情报学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1008-1022,共15页
Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"基于情报视角的应急决策推演的智库协同模式研究"(71774078)
国家社会科学基金项目"基于多源数据融合的突发事件决策需求研究"(17BTQ055)
江苏省社会科学基金项目"适应突发事件演化的应急决策知识库结构模型研究"(15TQB008)
江苏省"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(2015-DZXX-034)
江苏省"333高层次人才培养工程"人才项目(BRA2016097)
关键词
多维视角
知识组织
应急情报管理体系
应急响应知识库结构
multi-dimensional integration
knowledge organization
Fast Response Informatics Management System
Knowledge Base Structure of Fast Response
作者简介
蒋勋，男，1980年生，博士后，副教授，研究方向为信息智能处理；;苏新宁，男，1955年生，教授，博士生导师，教育部长江学者特聘教授，主要研究方向为信息智能处理与检索、信息分析与科学评价；;陈祖琴，女，1981年生，博士，馆员，主要研究方向为信息智能处理与检索，E-mail：jiangxun@nju．edu．cn。
